Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Assessing Disaster Resilience of Concrete with Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles
Published on: November 14, 2025
Effect of selected accelerants on setting time and biocompatibility of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA)
Amer Z AlAnezi1, Qiang Zhu, Yu-Hsiung Wang
1Division of Endodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington, CT 06030-1715, USA.
Objective:
Various additives have been suggested to be used with mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) to improve its handling characteristics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of various additives on setting time and cell attachment on gray MTA (GMTA).
Study Design:
Single-rooted caries-free teeth were split, and dentin disks with class I cavity were made and filled with test and control materials. Setting time was measured using Gilmore apparatus. Mouse MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts and L929 mouse fibroblasts were grown on dentin and GMTA disks. Cell attachment was examined under fluorescent microscope.
Results:
Adding KY liquid, CaCl(2), and NaOCl to GMTA improved the handling properties and decreased setting time. Osteoblasts and fibroblasts attached and spread on GMTA mixed with additives in a manner similar to GMTA mixed with water.
Conclusions:
The various additives could be possible substitutes to water to decrease MTA setting time. MTA is biocompatible when mixed with the various additives.
Related Concept Videos
Accelerators
The effectiveness of calcium chloride can...
Mortar Properties
Testing Water Quality
Setting Time of Cement
Alkali Aggregate Reaction in Concrete
Retarders
The function of retarders is to delay the setting of concrete, and this effect can be measured using a penetration test. The retardation process involves adding...
