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Related Concept Videos

Explicit Memories01:27

Explicit Memories

Explicit memories, also known as declarative memories, are consciously remembered, recalled, and reported. Studying for a chemistry exam involves material that will become part of explicit memory. There are two types of explicit memory: episodic and semantic.
Episodic memory contains information about personally experienced events and is reported as a story. An example of episodic memory is recalling a birthday celebration. This type of memory includes the what, where, and when of an event, as...
Autobiographical Memory01:14

Autobiographical Memory

Autobiographical memory is a unique type of episodic memory that involves recollecting personal life experiences. It allows individuals to remember significant events from their past, creating a narrative of their lives. One interesting phenomenon related to autobiographical memory is the reminiscence bump. This effect refers to the tendency of adults to recall more events from their second and third decades of life — typically between ages 10 to 30 — than from other periods. This period is...
Long-Term Memory01:18

Long-Term Memory

Long-term memory is a relatively permanent type of memory, capable of storing vast amounts of information over extended periods. Its storage capacity is generally considered unlimited.
Long-term memory can be categorized into two primary types: explicit and implicit memory. Explicit memory, also known as declarative memory, involves the conscious recollection of information that we deliberately try to remember, recall, and articulate. This type of memory encompasses specific facts, events, and...
Flashbulb Memory01:16

Flashbulb Memory

A flashbulb memory is a highly vivid and detailed memory, often linked to events of significant emotional impact. These memories stand out in contrast to everyday memories due to their clarity and the precision with which they are recalled. The strong emotions associated with the event act as a catalyst, ensuring that specific details, such as one's location, actions, and even peripheral elements, are etched into memory with remarkable accuracy. For example, many people can vividly recall where...
Storage01:23

Storage

A schema is a mental framework that helps individuals organize and interpret information. Schemata, formed from previous experiences, influence how we process new information: how we encode it, the inferences we make, and how we retrieve it. For instance, a schema for what a typical classroom looks like might include desks, a teacher's desk, a whiteboard, and students in such an environment. This expectation helps us quickly understand and navigate new classrooms without needing to analyze each...
Dissociative Amnesia01:21

Dissociative Amnesia

Dissociative amnesia is a complex psychological condition that manifests as an inability to recall personal information, often tied to traumatic or stressful events. Unlike general amnesia, individuals with this condition retain the ability to perform routine activities and procedural tasks, such as operating a phone or navigating public transportation, yet experience profound gaps in autobiographical memory. These lapses may encompass significant life events, such as suicide attempts or...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
09:13

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

Published on: May 16, 2017

What constitutes an episode in episodic memory?

Youssef Ezzyat1, Lila Davachi

  • 1Department of Psychology and Center for Neural Science, New York University, 6 Washington Place, Room 866B, New York, NY 10003, USA.

Psychological Science
|December 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary

Event segmentation during learning creates distinct memory episodes. This segmentation impacts long-term memory, with lower recall across event boundaries, supported by brain activity patterns.

Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Episodic memory relies on segmenting experiences into discrete events.
  • The relationship between real-time event segmentation and memory organization remains underexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how temporal event segmentation during encoding influences the organization of long-term associative memory.
  • To explore the neural mechanisms underlying memory segmentation.

Main Methods:

  • Participants read narratives with varying temporal event boundaries.
  • Long-term associative memory recall was assessed for information within and across event boundaries.
  • Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to examine brain activity during encoding.

Main Results:

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Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
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Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: August 30, 2011

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test
09:13

A Real-world What-Where-When Memory Test

Published on: May 16, 2017

Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease
11:01

Examining the Characteristics of Episodic Memory using Event-related Potentials in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease

Published on: August 30, 2011

  • Memory for information across event boundaries was significantly lower than memory for information within events.
  • Event segmentation during encoding led to corresponding segmentation in long-term memory.
  • Brain activity reflecting information integration within events correlated with mnemonic segmentation.

Conclusions:

  • Event segmentation is a key mechanism for organizing experiences into discrete episodes in long-term memory.
  • Neural processes supporting real-time event integration are linked to memory segmentation.
  • This study provides novel insights into the mechanisms of episodic memory organization.