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Impact of malignant arterial hypertension on the heart

Philippe Gosse1, Paul Coulon, Georgios Papaioannou

  • 1Hypertension Unit, University Hospital of Bordeaux, Saint André Hospital, 1 rue jean Burguet, Bordeaux, France. philippe.gosse@chu-bordeaux.fr

Journal of Hypertension
|December 24, 2010
PubMed

Insights

Malignant hypertension significantly impairs left-ventricular systolic function. However, prompt antihypertensive treatment leads to rapid recovery of heart function and reduction in hypertrophy.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension Research
  • Cardiovascular Imaging

Background:

  • Malignant hypertension serves as a model for studying the effects of extreme blood pressure and renin-angiotensin system activity on organs.
  • Limited research exists on the specific cardiac consequences of malignant hypertension.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the impact of malignant hypertension on left-ventricular function.
  • To assess the evolution of cardiac function during antihypertensive treatment.

Main Methods:

  • A prospective echocardiographic study was conducted from January 2004 to June 2009.
  • Assessed left-ventricular function and hypertrophy in patients with malignant hypertension.
  • Utilized global longitudinal strain as a sensitive measure of systolic function.

Main Results:

  • 25 patients with malignant hypertension exhibited baseline left-ventricular hypertrophy and impaired systolic function.
  • Global longitudinal strain was significantly reduced in over half of the patients.
  • Short-term follow-up revealed rapid improvement in systolic function and hypertrophy regression.
  • Long-term follow-up showed normalization of global longitudinal strain and continued hypertrophy regression.

Conclusions:

  • Malignant hypertension profoundly affects left-ventricular systolic function.
  • Antihypertensive treatment enables swift recovery of normal systolic function in the left ventricle.
Abstract

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