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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Implantation and Control of Wireless, Battery-free Systems for Peripheral Nerve Interfacing
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An RFID-Based Closed-Loop Wireless Power Transmission System for Biomedical Applications.

Mehdi Kiani1, Maysam Ghovanloo

  • 1GT-Bionics Laboratory, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30308 USA.

IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems. II, Express Briefs : a Publication of the IEEE Circuits and Systems Society
|December 24, 2010
PubMed
Summary

This study introduces a closed-loop wireless power system using RFID technology to safely power implantable biomedical devices. It maintains stable power delivery despite distance and load changes, preventing device malfunction.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Electrical Engineering
  • Wireless Power Transfer

Background:

  • Near-field wireless power transmission faces challenges with distance and misalignment, impacting received power and potentially causing device issues.
  • Implantable biomedical devices require stable power for reliable operation.
  • Radio-frequency identification (RFID) systems are typically open-loop but offer back telemetry for control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a closed-loop wireless power transmission system for inductively powering implantable biomedical devices.
  • To utilize RFID back telemetry for stabilizing received voltage in implantable devices.
  • To address power fluctuations caused by distance, misalignment, and load variations.

Main Methods:

  • A closed-loop system was designed using a commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) RFID reader (TRF7960) operating at 13.56 MHz.
  • The RFID system's back telemetry capability was leveraged to actively manage power delivery.
  • System performance was evaluated through measurements of delivered power and transmitter power consumption under varying conditions.

Main Results:

  • The system maintained a delivered power of 11.2 mW to the transponder across a distance range of 0.5 to 2 cm.
  • Transmitter power consumption varied significantly (78 mW to 1.1 W) while maintaining stable power to the implant.
  • The closed-loop system effectively compensated for voltage variations due to sudden load current changes.

Conclusions:

  • A standalone closed-loop wireless power system for biomedical implants was successfully demonstrated using RFID technology.
  • The system ensures stable power delivery, enhancing the safety and reliability of implantable devices.
  • This approach mitigates risks of malfunction and overheating associated with conventional open-loop wireless power systems.