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A novel bioactive glass-ceramic for treating dentin hypersensitivity.

Camila Tirapelli1, Heitor Panzeri, Rodrigo Gongalves Soares

  • 1Department of Dental Materials and Prosthesis, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil. catirapelli@forp.usp.br

Brazilian Oral Research
|December 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary

A novel bioactive glass-ceramic, Biosilicate, effectively occludes dentinal tubules by forming hydroxyl carbonate apatite (HCA). This in vitro study suggests Biosilicate may offer a new treatment for dentin hypersensitivity (DH).

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Dental Research
  • Nanotechnology in Dentistry

Background:

  • Dentin hypersensitivity (DH) is a prevalent oral condition caused by exposed dentinal tubules.
  • Current treatments for DH lack ideal efficacy, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches.
  • Bioactive materials offer potential for dentin tubule occlusion and regeneration.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the in vitro efficacy of micron-sized bioactive glass-ceramic (Biosilicate) particles in occluding dentinal tubules.
  • To compare Biosilicate's occlusion potential with existing dentin hypersensitivity treatments.
  • To investigate the mechanism of dentinal tubule occlusion by Biosilicate, specifically HCA formation.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a dentin disc model for in vitro evaluation.

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  • Employed Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) to assess dentinal tubule occlusion and HCA deposition.
  • Applied Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) to confirm HCA formation.
  • Tested Biosilicate formulations against conventional treatments (potassium nitrate/fluoride, calcium phosphate precipitation) under simulated physiological conditions.

    • Main Results:

    • Biosilicate, particularly when mixed with distilled water (G4), formed a significant layer of hydroxyl carbonate apatite (HCA) on the dentin surface, leading to tubule occlusion after 24 hours.
    • Conventional treatments (G1, G2, G3) showed incomplete dentinal tubule occlusion after 24 hours.
    • FTIR confirmed HCA precipitation induced by Biosilicate within 30 minutes of immersion in artificial saliva.

    Conclusions:

    • Micron-sized Biosilicate particles effectively induce HCA deposition and occlude open dentinal tubules in vitro.
    • Biosilicate demonstrates superior potential for dentinal tubule occlusion compared to tested conventional treatments.
    • This bioactive glass-ceramic presents a promising new therapeutic option for managing dentin hypersensitivity.