Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein
07:29

Cell-free Biochemical Fluorometric Enzymatic Assay for High-throughput Measurement of Lipid Peroxidation in High Density Lipoprotein

Published on: October 12, 2017

Approach to dyslipidemia, lipodystrophy, and cardiovascular risk in patients with HIV infection

J Gregory Troll1

  • 1Touro University College of Osteopathic Medicine, 1310 Club Drive, Vallejo, CA 94592, USA. greg.troll@tu.edu

Current Atherosclerosis Reports
|December 25, 2010
PubMed

Insights

People with HIV often have lipid disorders and cardiovascular risks. This review discusses HIV treatment impacts on metabolic and cardiovascular health, suggesting proactive screening and management strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology

Background:

  • Significant prevalence of lipid disorders and cardiovascular risk factors in people living with HIV (20%-80%).
  • HIV infection and antiretroviral therapy (ART) are associated with metabolic and cardiovascular complications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review HIV-associated metabolic and cardiovascular concerns.
  • To discuss emerging pathophysiology and its impact on ART selection and management.
  • To suggest screening and preventive strategies for cardiovascular risk in HIV patients.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current literature on HIV, metabolic disorders, and cardiovascular disease.
  • Analysis of the impact of antiretroviral treatment (ART) on metabolic and cardiovascular health.
  • Discussion of emerging hypotheses on pathophysiology and management strategies.

Main Results:

  • HIV and ART are linked to dyslipidemias, lipodystrophy, endothelial dysfunction, and insulin resistance.
  • Understanding pathophysiology is crucial for selecting ART strategies and preventive measures.
  • Screening for cardiovascular risk is recommended before initiating ART and during ongoing care.

Conclusions:

  • Proactive screening and management of cardiovascular risk are essential for people with HIV.
  • ART selection should consider potential metabolic and cardiovascular adverse effects.
  • Multifaceted approaches including pharmacotherapy and lifestyle interventions are needed to mitigate risks.

More Related Videos

Isolation, Transfection, and Culture of Primary Human Monocytes09:13

Isolation, Transfection, and Culture of Primary Human Monocytes

Published on: December 16, 2019

Related Concept Videos

Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents01:20

Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents

Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. When present in excess, these lipids, specifically cholesterol and triglycerides, can lead to serious health complications, often involving cardiovascular diseases. Illnesses like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and pancreatitis have all been linked to untreated hyperlipidemia. This means controlling and regulating cholesterol and triglyceride...
Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

Atherosclerosis III: Management

Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
Retrovirus Life Cycles01:10

Retrovirus Life Cycles

Retroviruses have a single-stranded RNA genome that undergoes a special form of replication. Once the retrovirus has entered the host cell, an enzyme called reverse transcriptase synthesizes double-stranded DNA from the retroviral RNA genome. This DNA copy of the genome is then integrated into the host’s genome inside the nucleus via an enzyme called integrase. Consequently, the retroviral genome is transcribed into RNA whenever the host’s genome is transcribed, allowing the retrovirus to...
Sexually Transmitted Infections01:26

Sexually Transmitted Infections

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are diseases transmitted primarily through unsafe sexual interactions. Bacteria, viruses, or parasites cause them and can result in severe health complications if untreated.ChlamydiaThe bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is responsible for the disease Chlamydia, the most common STI in the United States. This peculiar pathogen requires human cells to reproduce, residing intracellularly. The initial infection often goes unnoticed because it typically does not...
Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures01:26

Coronary Artery Disease IV: Preventive Measures

Effective preventive measures for coronary artery disease (CAD) focus on controlling modifiable risk factors, including cholesterol abnormalities and lifestyle changes.Cholesterol ManagementFirst, the Mediterranean diet and the American Heart Association advocate for maintaining low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels below 100 mg/dL, with a more stringent recommendation of below 70 mg/dL for individuals at high risk. LDL cholesterol, often termed "bad cholesterol," can lead to the...
Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile01:25

Blood Studies for Cardiovascular System III: Serum Lipid Profile

Understanding serum lipids is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health and preventing heart disease and stroke.
Serum lipids are fats and fatty substances in the blood and are crucial for various bodily functions, including energy storage, cellular structure, and hormone production. Serum lipids consist of cholesterol, triglycerides, and phospholipids.
Cholesterol is a soft, fat-like substance found in all body cells. It is crucial for producing hormones, vitamin D, and substances that aid...