Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
iPS Cell Differentiation01:22

iPS Cell Differentiation

The ability of induced pluripotent stem cells or iPSCs to differentiate into most body cell types has stimulated repair and regenerative medicine research over the past few decades. iPSC-derived blood cells, hepatocytes, beta islet cells, cardiomyocytes, neurons, and other cell types can repair injuries or regenerate damaged tissue in diseases such as diabetes and neurodegenerative disorders.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Risk of Head and Neck Cancer in Former Smokers by Subsite: A Multicenter Analysis From the INHANCE Consortium.

International journal of cancer·2026
Same author

The Testicular Cancer Consortium (TECAC): Filling Knowledge Gaps in the Genetic Etiology of Testicular Germ Cell Tumors.

Andrology·2026
Same author

Perspective of Hispanic Cancer Survivors on Survivorship Care Plans: A Qualitative Study.

Journal of immigrant and minority health·2025
Same author

Identification of genes associated with testicular germ cell tumor susceptibility through a transcriptome-wide association study.

American journal of human genetics·2025
Same author

Enhancing survivorship care among Hispanic/Latino cancer survivors via lay health educators: results of a pilot randomized trial.

Journal of cancer survivorship : research and practice·2025
Same author

Historical redlining and survival among children, adolescents, and young adults with cancer diagnosed between 2000-2019 in Seattle and Tacoma, Washington.

Cancer·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived iTenocytes via Combined Scleraxis Overexpression and 2D Uniaxial Tension
04:48

Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived iTenocytes via Combined Scleraxis Overexpression and 2D Uniaxial Tension

Published on: March 1, 2024

A unifying hypothesis for scleroderma: identifying a target cell for scleroderma.

William M Mahoney1, Jo Nadine Fleming, Stephen M Schwartz

  • 1Department of Pathology, Center for Cardiovascular Biology, University of Washington School of Medicine, 815 Mercer Street, Seattle, WA 98109, USA. wmahoney@u.washington.edu

Current Rheumatology Reports
|December 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new hypothesis suggests scleroderma arises from vasospasm-induced cell death, activating type 1 interferon. This interferon drives immune responses and transforms stem cells, causing disease hallmarks like fibrosis.

More Related Videos

Vasodilation of Isolated Vessels and the Isolation of the Extracellular Matrix of Tight-skin Mice
08:09

Vasodilation of Isolated Vessels and the Isolation of the Extracellular Matrix of Tight-skin Mice

Published on: March 24, 2017

Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice
09:06

Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice

Published on: February 20, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived iTenocytes via Combined Scleraxis Overexpression and 2D Uniaxial Tension
04:48

Generation of Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-Derived iTenocytes via Combined Scleraxis Overexpression and 2D Uniaxial Tension

Published on: March 1, 2024

Vasodilation of Isolated Vessels and the Isolation of the Extracellular Matrix of Tight-skin Mice
08:09

Vasodilation of Isolated Vessels and the Isolation of the Extracellular Matrix of Tight-skin Mice

Published on: March 24, 2017

Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice
09:06

Quantitative Analysis of Cellular Composition in Advanced Atherosclerotic Lesions of Smooth Muscle Cell Lineage-Tracing Mice

Published on: February 20, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Cell Biology
  • Vascular Biology

Background:

  • Scleroderma pathogenesis remains incompletely understood.
  • Existing hypotheses do not fully explain the disease's complex manifestations.
  • Recent advances include understanding type 1 interferon roles and identifying adventitial stem cells.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose a unifying hypothesis for scleroderma.
  • To integrate the roles of vasospasm, type 1 interferon, and adventitial stem cells.
  • To identify potential molecular links in scleroderma development.

Main Methods:

  • Conceptual synthesis of existing research.
  • Hypothetical model development.
  • Identification of key molecular markers (e.g., RGS5).

Main Results:

  • Vasospasm leading to ischemia, apoptosis, and type 1 interferon activation is proposed as the initiating event.
  • Type 1 interferon is hypothesized to amplify immune responses, including autoantibody production.
  • Type 1 interferon is proposed to induce adventitial stem cell differentiation into myofibroblasts, causing rarefaction and intimal hyperplasia.
  • Regulator of G-protein signaling 5 (RGS5) is identified as a potential marker linking hyperplasia and fibrosis.

Conclusions:

  • A unifying hypothesis integrating vasospasm, type 1 interferon, and adventitial stem cells offers a novel framework for understanding scleroderma.
  • This hypothesis explains key pathological features including immune activation and vascular remodeling.
  • RGS5 may represent a critical molecular link in the progression from vascular changes to fibrosis in scleroderma.