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Virus infection in demyelinating diseases.

V ter Meulen, H Wege

    Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
    |January 1, 1978
    PubMed
    Summary

    Viral infections can trigger central nervous system (CNS) demyelinating diseases by altering host cells and membranes, leading to immune responses that damage the CNS. This review examines the role of viruses in diseases like progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neurovirology
    • Immunology
    • Cell Biology

    Background:

    • Demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) in humans and animals are often linked to viral infections.
    • Viruses, particularly enveloped viruses, can infect CNS cells, leading to cell damage or persistent infection.
    • Viral replication and release can alter host cell membranes and introduce new viral antigens.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To explore the mechanisms by which viral infections induce demyelination in the CNS.
    • To discuss the role of viral-induced alterations in host cells and immune responses in CNS injury.
    • To review specific examples of virus-associated demyelinating diseases.

    Main Methods:

    • Review of existing literature on viral infections and demyelinating diseases.
    • Analysis of proposed mechanisms involving viral-host cell interactions.
    • Discussion of immune responses triggered by viral infections in the CNS.

    Main Results:

    • Viral infections can cause CNS demyelination through lytic or persistent infection of neural cells.
    • Alterations in host cell membranes and the emergence of new antigens during virus release are key factors.
    • Immune responses directed against virus-infected cells contribute significantly to CNS damage.

    Conclusions:

    • Viral infections are a significant cause of CNS demyelinating diseases.
    • The interplay between viral mechanisms, host cell alterations, and immune responses is central to pathogenesis.
    • Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing therapeutic strategies for these neurological disorders.

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