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Modelling the adverse effects associated with ecstasy use.

John E Fisk1, Philip N Murphy, Catharine Montgomery

  • 1School of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, Preston, UK. jfisk@uclan.ac.uk

Addiction (Abingdon, England)
|December 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Increased ecstasy (3,4-meththylenedioxymethamphetamine) exposure and concurrent alcohol use are linked to more adverse psychological effects. Abstinence from ecstasy reduces these negative outcomes.

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Area of Science:

  • Psychopharmacology
  • Neuroscience
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Ecstasy (3,4-meththylenedioxymethamphetamine) use is associated with psychiatric symptoms and psychological health impairments in recreational and problem users.
  • Understanding the relationship between polydrug use history and ecstasy ingestion conditions is crucial for assessing these impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how psychiatric symptoms and psychological impairments from ecstasy use relate to polydrug use history.
  • To determine the conditions under which individuals ingest ecstasy and their impact on adverse effects.

Main Methods:

  • Negative binomial regression was used to analyze associations between ecstasy use variables and adverse effects.
  • A convenience sample of 159 recreational ecstasy/polydrug users (undergraduates) provided data on ecstasy-related adverse effects, drug use history, and associated beliefs/behaviors.

Main Results:

  • Higher lifetime exposure to ecstasy and concurrent alcohol consumption were positively associated with adverse effects.
  • Adverse effects decreased with periods of abstinence from ecstasy.
  • Other polydrug use aspects and user precautions did not significantly correlate with adverse effects.

Conclusions:

  • Greater lifetime ecstasy exposure and concurrent alcohol use increase the likelihood of adverse effects, including paranoia, poor general health, irritability, confusion, and moodiness.
  • Periods of abstinence from ecstasy are associated with a reduction in adverse effects.