[Development of resistance to antibiotic therapy at a polyvalent intensive care unit during 3 years]

The antibiotherapy resistance evolution and the appearance of new enterobacter in our ICU's flora have been studied. A total of 638 bacterial samples were studied. The most frequent isolated pathogens were: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (182 strands), Escherichia coli (108 strands), Staphylococcus epidermidis (99 strands) and Staphylococcus aureus (41 strands). These four types of bacteria have been used to evaluate the antibiotic resistance variations over a period of time, which have only been significant for Pseudomonas with an increased number of amikamicine's resistant strands after the second year (p less than 0.001) and the of one multiresistant strand to piperaciline and amikamicine this second year, and four (8%) the year after. There are not significant differences in the resistance of E. Coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis over this period of time. We have not observed new enterobacter strands over the time this study was performed although a higher incidence of Serratia (p less than 0.05) and Enterobacter (p less than 0.05) have been detected between the first and the third year, respectively.