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Related Concept Videos

Biosynthesis of Lipids01:29

Biosynthesis of Lipids

Microbial membranes exhibit remarkable diversity in lipid composition, reflecting evolutionary adaptations to various environmental conditions. The three domains of life—Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya—synthesize membrane lipids through distinct biosynthetic pathways, leading to fundamental structural differences that impact membrane stability, function, and adaptability.Fatty Acid-Based Lipids in Bacteria and EukaryaBacteria and eukaryotes share a common fatty acid biosynthesis pathway, which...
Structure of Lipids03:38

Structure of Lipids

Lipids include a diverse group of compounds that are largely nonpolar in nature. This is because they are hydrocarbons that include mostly nonpolar carbon-carbon or carbon-hydrogen bonds. Non-polar molecules are hydrophobic (“water fearing”), or insoluble in water. Lipids perform many different functions in a cell. Cells store energy for long-term use in the form of fats. Lipids also provide insulation from the environment for plants and animals. For example, they help keep aquatic birds and...
Structure of Lipids03:38

Structure of Lipids

Lipids include a diverse group of compounds that are largely nonpolar in nature. This is because they are hydrocarbons that include mostly nonpolar carbon-carbon or carbon-hydrogen bonds. Non-polar molecules are hydrophobic (“water fearing”), or insoluble in water. Lipids perform many different functions in a cell. Cells store energy for long-term use in the form of fats. Lipids also provide insulation from the environment for plants and animals. For example, they help keep aquatic birds and...
Structure of Lipids03:38

Structure of Lipids

Lipids include a diverse group of compounds that are largely nonpolar in nature. This is because they are hydrocarbons that include mostly nonpolar carbon-carbon or carbon-hydrogen bonds. Non-polar molecules are hydrophobic (“water fearing”), or insoluble in water. Lipids perform many different functions in a cell. Cells store energy for long-term use in the form of fats. Lipids also provide insulation from the environment for plants and animals. For example, they help keep aquatic birds and...
Membrane Lipids01:32

Membrane Lipids

Lipids are an essential component of all biological membranes. The average lipid content in mammalian membranes is 50%, though it can be as low as 20% in the inner mitochondrial membrane or as high as 80% in the myelin sheath present around the nerve cells.
Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and sphingomyelin are the most common phospholipids present in mammalian membranes. At physiological pH, phosphatidylserine is negatively charged, while the other three...
Membrane Lipids01:32

Membrane Lipids

Lipids are an essential component of all biological membranes. The average lipid content in mammalian membranes is 50%, though it can be as low as 20% in the inner mitochondrial membrane or as high as 80% in the myelin sheath present around the nerve cells.
Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and sphingomyelin are the most common phospholipids present in mammalian membranes. At physiological pH, phosphatidylserine is negatively charged, while the other three...

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A Model Membrane Platform for Reconstituting Mitochondrial Membrane Dynamics
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Monoolein: a magic lipid?

Chandrashekhar V Kulkarni1, Wolfgang Wachter, Guillermo Iglesias-Salto

  • 1Department of Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstrasse 28, 8010 Graz, Austria. chandrashekhar.kulkarni@uni-graz.at

Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics : PCCP
|December 25, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Monoolein, a key lipid, exhibits diverse self-assembly behaviors and mesophases crucial for applications like drug delivery. This review details its phase transitions and influencing factors.

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Area of Science:

  • Lipid self-assembly
  • Materials science
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Monoolein is a significant lipid with increasing applications.
  • Understanding its phase behavior is critical for optimizing its use.
  • Numerous studies highlight its utility in drug delivery, emulsion stabilization, and protein crystallization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive review of monoolein's phase behavior.
  • To detail the various mesophases formed by monoolein in the presence of water.
  • To discuss factors influencing monoolein's self-assembly.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of monoolein phase behavior studies.
  • Compilation of formulae for calculating nano-structural parameters of mesophases.
  • Analysis of the effects of various molecules and physicochemical triggers.

Main Results:

  • Detailed description of monoolein's mesophases (e.g., liquid crystalline phases).
  • Presentation of mathematical models for characterizing monoolein self-assemblies.
  • Identification of how lipids, detergents, salts, sugars, proteins, DNA, temperature, pressure, and shearing affect phase behavior.

Conclusions:

  • Monoolein exhibits complex and tunable phase behavior.
  • Its self-assembly is modulated by a wide range of chemical and physical factors.
  • This understanding facilitates advanced applications in drug delivery and biomaterials.