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Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Acute Pyelonephritis II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

Introduction:For diagnosing acute pyelonephritis, a comprehensive patient history is collected to identify symptoms such as dysuria, frequent or urgent urination, flank pain, or costovertebral angle (CVA) tenderness that may suggest a kidney infection.Physical ExaminationDuring the physical examination, CVA tenderness is assessed. This involves gentle percussion over the costovertebral angle, where tenderness often indicates a kidney infection.Diagnostic TestsUrinalysis: Used to identify white...

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

Acute Pyelonephritis I: Introduction

Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection that primarily affects the renal parenchyma and collecting system, including the renal pelvis, tubules, and interstitial tissue of one or both kidneys. It can be classified as either acute—a sudden, severe infection—or chronic, which refers to long-term or recurrent kidney infections.The primary cause of acute pyelonephritis (APN) is bacterial infection, with Escherichia coli accounting for approximately 70-80% of cases. Other bacteria, such as Proteus,...

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Quantification, Viability Assessment, and Visualization Strategies for Acinetobacter Biofilms

Quantification, Viability Assessment, and Visualization Strategies for Acinetobacter Biofilms

Published on: August 4, 2023

[Acinetobacter baumannii bacteremia].

Guadalupe Aguirre-Avalos¹, Julio César Mijangos-Méndez, Gerardo Amaya-Tapia

¹Servicio de Terapia Intensiva, Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Fray Antonio Alcalde, Guadalajara, Jalisco, México. gaguirre@cencar.udg.mx

Revista Medica Del Instituto Mexicano Del Seguro Social

|December 28, 2010

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Acinetobacter baumannii is a challenging nosocomial pathogen, frequently causing infections and bacteremias, especially in intensive care units. Its multidrug resistance leads to high mortality rates and increased healthcare costs.

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Characterizing Multidrug Efflux Systems in Acinetobacter baumannii Using an Efflux-Deficient Bacterial Strain and a Single-Copy Gene Expression System

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Published on: January 5, 2024

Area of Science:

Medical Microbiology
Infectious Diseases
Hospital Epidemiology

Background:

Acinetobacter baumannii is a significant nosocomial pathogen, posing challenges in control and treatment.
High-risk patients, including the critically ill and previously infected, are more susceptible to A. baumannii.
The epidemiology is complex, marked by both epidemic and endemic infection patterns.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the prevalence and impact of Acinetobacter baumannii in healthcare settings.
To underscore the challenges posed by multidrug-resistant strains.
To inform strategies for infection control and treatment.

Main Methods:

Review of epidemiological data on Acinetobacter baumannii infections.
Analysis of common sources and clinical manifestations.
Assessment of antimicrobial resistance trends and patient outcomes.

Main Results:

A. baumannii accounts for 90% of nosocomial infections and 92% of bacteremias.
Intensive care units are hotspots for A. baumannii bacteremias.
Common sources include respiratory tract, surgical wounds, and catheters; sepsis and septic shock are frequent manifestations.

Conclusions:

Multidrug resistance in A. baumannii severely limits therapeutic options.
Patients with multidrug-resistant A. baumannii infections experience higher mortality, prolonged hospital stays, and increased costs.
Effective infection control and antimicrobial stewardship are crucial for managing this pathogen.