Related Experiment Videos
Pharmacogenomic biomarkers: new tools in current and future drug therapy
Sarah C Sim1, Magnus Ingelman-Sundberg
1Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Section of Pharmacogenetics, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden.
Abstract:
The rapid development of techniques in the area of genome analysis has facilitated identification of new pharmacogenomic biomarkers that can provide predictive tools for improved drug response and fewer adverse drug reactions. Such biomarkers mainly originate from genes encoding drug-metabolizing enzymes, drug transporters, drug targets and human leukocyte antigens. Some of these are now integrated by the USA Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency into drug label inserts. In this review, we examine the utility and mechanistic background of pharmacogenomic biomarkers in several areas of medicine, including cancer, infection and cardiovascular disease. We also discuss the use of these biomarkers in drug development and address the impact on personalized drug prescription, including opportunities and bottlenecks.
Related Concept Videos
Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets
Pharmacogenetics and Pharmacogenomics: Overview
Pharmacogenetic Phenotypes: Alterations in Pharmacokinetics, Drug Targets and Biologic Milieu
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Metabolism: Overview
Pharmacogenetics of Drug Targets: β₂-Adrenergic Receptors, Apo E, Thymidylate Synthase
Principles of Pharmacogenetics: Types of Genetic Variants