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Related Concept Videos

Ovarian Cycle01:27

Ovarian Cycle

The menstrual cycle includes a critical component known as the ovarian cycle, which undergoes two main phases each month—the follicular phase and the luteal phase. The follicular phase is variable and averaging around 14 days. Ovulation, triggered by a surge in luteinizing hormone (LH), marks the transition between the two phases. The second phase, the luteal phase, is relatively consistent, lasting approximately 14 days, and is marked by the activity of the corpus luteum. While a cycle length...
Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle01:30

Hormonal Control of the Ovarian Cycle

The ovarian cycle is meticulously regulated by the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis. This cycle orchestrates the release of a mature oocyte, essential for reproduction.
Before puberty, the hypothalamus releases GnRH in a low frequency, low amplitude pulsatile manner. This along with the immature hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis activity, results in low estrogen levels and the absence of a fully functional ovarian cycle.  At puberty, GnRH secretion increases in both frequency and...
Oogenesis01:22

Oogenesis

Oogenesis,  the process of developing egg cells (female gametes), occurs within the ovaries and is fundamental to female fertility. This sequence begins during fetal development when diploid oogonia in the developing ovaries undergo mitotic divisions to produce primary oocytes. By birth, these primary oocytes enter prophase I of meiosis but become arrested in this stage, remaining suspended until puberty.
Each primary oocyte is surrounded by a layer of pre-granulosa cells, forming what is known...
Oogenesis02:07

Oogenesis

In human women, oogenesis produces one mature egg cell or ovum for every precursor cell that enters meiosis. This process differs in two unique ways from the equivalent procedure of spermatogenesis in males. First, meiotic divisions during oogenesis are asymmetric, meaning that a large oocyte (containing most of the cytoplasm) and minor polar body are produced as a result of meiosis I, and again following meiosis II. Since only oocytes will go on to form embryos if fertilized, this unequal...
In Vitro Fertilization01:24

In Vitro Fertilization

In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a form of assisted reproductive technology where an egg is fertilized with sperm in a controlled laboratory environment before transferring the resulting embryo into the uterus. This process is designed to help individuals and couples experiencing difficulties conceiving.
The IVF process begins with ovarian stimulation, during which reproductive endocrinologists prescribe hormonal medications to stimulate the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of the single...
Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration01:27

Feedback Regulation of Calcium Concentration

Calcium is an essential signaling molecule required for various cellular functions. Calcium pumps and ion channels on cell and organellar membranes, such as those on the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), regulate calcium concentrations inside the cell. They remain closed, keeping the cytosolic calcium levels low at a resting state.
Various transmembrane receptors, such as G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), elicit a response to extracellular signals by increasing cytosolic calcium. Activated GPCRs...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Analysis of Chromosome Segregation, Histone Acetylation, and Spindle Morphology in Horse Oocytes
12:11

Analysis of Chromosome Segregation, Histone Acetylation, and Spindle Morphology in Horse Oocytes

Published on: May 11, 2017

[Induction of ovulation].

L Jacquesson1, J Belaisch-Allart, J-P Ayel

  • 1Centre de médecine de la reproduction, 17 rue de la Pompe, 75116 Paris, France. laetitia.jacquesson-fournols@sat.aphp.fr

Journal De Gynecologie, Obstetrique Et Biologie De La Reproduction
|December 28, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study provides guidelines for ovarian stimulation protocols, evaluating treatments like clomiphene citrate and gonadotropins. It aims to optimize ovulation induction and minimize complications such as multiple pregnancies.

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A Modified Technique for Inducing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Mice
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Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Analysis of Chromosome Segregation, Histone Acetylation, and Spindle Morphology in Horse Oocytes
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Analysis of Chromosome Segregation, Histone Acetylation, and Spindle Morphology in Horse Oocytes

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A Modified Technique for Inducing Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Mice

Published on: July 5, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Reproductive Endocrinology
  • Clinical Gynecology

Context:

  • Ovarian stimulation is crucial for assisted reproductive technologies.
  • Various protocols exist, each with potential benefits and risks.
  • Evidence-based guidelines are needed to standardize treatment.

Purpose:

  • To develop comprehensive guidelines for ovarian stimulation protocols.
  • To evaluate different treatment options and their indications.
  • To synthesize evidence from randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses.

Summary:

  • A systematic search identified randomized controlled trials, meta-analyses, and cohort studies on ovarian stimulation.
  • Keywords included ovulation induction, clomiphene citrate, gonadotropins, metformin, and anti-estrogens.
  • The review addresses complications like ovarian hyperstimulation, thrombosis, and multiple pregnancies.

Impact:

  • Provides clinicians with evidence-based recommendations for ovarian stimulation.
  • Aims to improve treatment efficacy and patient safety.
  • Contributes to optimizing outcomes in fertility treatments.