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Related Concept Videos

Hydrogen Bonds01:04

Hydrogen Bonds

A hydrogen bond is formed when a weakly positive hydrogen atom already bonded to one electronegative atom (for example, the oxygen in the water molecule) is attracted to another electronegative atom from another polar molecule, such as water (H2O), hydrogen fluoride (HF), or ammonia (NH3). The huge electronegativity difference between the H atom (2.1) and the atom to which it is bonded (4.0 for an F atom, 3.5 for an O atom, or 3.0 for an N atom), combined with the very small size of an H atom...
Hydrogen Bonds00:26

Hydrogen Bonds

Hydrogen BondsHydrogen bonds are weak attractions between atoms that have formed other chemical bonds. One of these atoms is electronegative, like oxygen, and has a partial negative charge. The other is a hydrogen atom that has bonded with another electronegative atom and has a partial positive charge.Hydrogen Bonds Control the World!Because hydrogen has very weak electronegativity when it binds with a strongly electronegative atom, such as oxygen or nitrogen, electrons in the bond are...
Cohesion01:07

Cohesion

Cohesion is the attraction between molecules of the same type, such as water molecules. Water molecules have an overall neutral charge but are polar molecule. An oxygen atom in one water molecule has a partial negative charge that can bind to a hydrogen atom with a partial positive charge in a second water molecule, forming a hydrogen bond. Each water molecule can form up to four hydrogen bonds with other water molecules. Hydrogen bonds are responsible for water's cohesive nature.
On a surface,...
Intermolecular Forces03:13

Intermolecular Forces

Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion...
Intermolecular Forces03:13

Intermolecular Forces

Atoms and molecules interact through bonds (or forces): intramolecular and intermolecular. The forces are electrostatic as they arise from interactions (attractive or repulsive) between charged species (permanent, partial, or temporary charges) and exist with varying strengths between ions, polar, nonpolar, and neutral molecules. The different types of intermolecular forces are ion–dipole, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion; among these, dipole–dipole, hydrogen bonds, and dispersion...
Valence Bond Theory02:45

Valence Bond Theory

Overview of Valence Bond Theory

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Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy
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Probing the Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Water with Scanning Tunneling Microscopy and Spectroscopy

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Hydrogen bonding in the hexagonal ice surface.

Irene Li Barnett1, Henning Groenzin, Mary Jane Shultz

  • 1Jet Propulsion Laboratory, 4800 Oak Grove Drive, Pasadena, California 91109, USA.

The Journal of Physical Chemistry. A
|December 30, 2010
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Polarization angle null sum frequency generation spectroscopy reveals hexagonal ice prism faces have similar surface vibrational modes to basal faces. The study assigns specific resonances to bilayer stitching hydrogen bonds and double-donor water molecules.

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Area of Science:

  • Surface Science
  • Spectroscopy
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Hexagonal ice surfaces exhibit complex vibrational spectra.
  • Understanding these spectra is crucial for characterizing ice properties.
  • Previous studies have investigated the basal face, but prism face analysis is less detailed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To apply the polarization angle null sum frequency generation (PAN-SFG) technique to hexagonal ice prism faces.
  • To identify and assign dominant vibrational modes on the ice prism surface.
  • To compare surface vibrational modes between prism and basal faces of hexagonal ice.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized sum frequency generation (SFG) spectroscopy with a polarization angle null (PAN-SFG) method.
  • Investigated two orientations of the hexagonal ice prism face relative to the input plane.
  • Analyzed spectral resonances and their orientation dependence.

Main Results:

  • Identified five dominant vibrational resonances on the ice prism face (3096, 3146, 3205, 3253, and 3386 cm⁻¹), similar to the basal face.
  • Assigned the 3098 cm⁻¹ resonance (redmost) to bilayer stitching hydrogen bonds, present in both faces.
  • Assigned the 3386 cm⁻¹ resonance (bluest) to double-donor water molecules in the top half bilayer, exhibiting orientation-dependent intensity and longitudinal character.

Conclusions:

  • The PAN-SFG technique effectively characterizes surface vibrational modes of hexagonal ice prism faces.
  • Surface vibrational modes on prism and basal faces are comparable, indicating similar interfacial structures.
  • Specific resonances are assigned to distinct molecular configurations (bilayer stitching H-bonds, double-donor water molecules), providing insights into ice surface structure and hydrogen bonding.