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Mechanomyography as an access pathway: corporeal contraindications.

Natasha Alves¹, Tom Chau

¹Bloorview Research Institute, Holland Bloorview Kids Rehabilitation Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Disability and Rehabilitation. Assistive Technology

|December 30, 2010

Summary

Mechanomyography (MMG) switches offer an alternative access pathway for individuals with physical disabilities. However, impairments like spasticity and involuntary movements can interfere with MMG signal quality, impacting usability.

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Area of Science:

Biomedical Engineering
Rehabilitation Technology
Assistive Technology

Background:

Mechanomyography (MMG) based switches offer a potential alternative access pathway for individuals with severe physical disabilities.
Understanding the specific functional impairments that hinder MMG switch control is crucial for optimizing assistive technology.

Purpose of the Study:

To identify and describe the body function and structure impairments that specifically inhibit the effective use of mechanomyography (MMG)-based switch control.
To delineate the limitations of MMG technology as an alternative access method for individuals with neuromuscular and neurological conditions.

Main Methods:

A cohort of seven individuals with diverse severe physical disabilities underwent testing with an MMG switch.
A semi-structured protocol was employed to collect both quantitative and qualitative data on switch performance.
Participant and caregiver perceptions regarding the MMG switch were gathered through descriptive feedback.

Main Results:

Participants successfully operated the MMG switch using voluntary muscle contractions in the forehead, forearm, or shoulder.
Impairments negatively impacting the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) included involuntary dystonic movements, poor muscle control, muscle atrophy, spasticity, and extraneous muscle activity.
The quality of the MMG signal was significantly affected by the presence of involuntary muscle activity and physiological vibrations.

Conclusions:

MMG switch use is highly recommended when the targeted muscle site is intact, controllable, and exhibits minimal signal interference.
The efficacy of MMG switches in the presence of confounding signal artifacts depends on the voluntary contraction strength relative to involuntary movements and vibrations.
Neurological conditions causing compromised voluntary muscle control or suppression, such as spasticity, may represent contraindications for MMG-based access.