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Updated: Jun 5, 2026

In Vivo Confocal Microscopy in the Diagnosis and Management of Dry Eye: A Focus on Imaging Protocols and Interpretation
Published on: November 11, 2025
Episcleritis and scleritis
Bradley J Kirkwood1, Rodney A Kirkwood
1Professional Eye Centre, Mackay Queensland, Australia. Bradkirkwood@bigpond.com
Abstract:
This article will briefly discuss episcleritis and scleritis as clinical entities. Both are forms of ocular inflammation but have different clinical, therapeutic and prognostic implications. Episcleritis is a self-limited disease, causing mild discomfort and infrequently requiring therapeutic intervention. Scleritis is a painful, inflammatory process, commonly associated with systemic disorders and requires systemic anti-inflammatory therapy. It is important to be able to distinguish between the two clinical conditions, as prompt initiation of therapy for scleritis can be sight saving.
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