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End organ damage in hypertension.
1Nephrologie und Hypertensiologie, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany. roland.schmieder@uk-erlangen.de
Deutsches Arzteblatt International
|December 31, 2010
Summary
Early detection and treatment of hypertensive end-organ damage are crucial for managing cardiovascular risk. Aggressive blood pressure reduction and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade can reverse damage.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Nephrology
- Neurology
Background:
- Hypertension-induced end-organ damage indicates cardiovascular risk.
- Early detection and treatment are essential for prevention.
- Antihypertensive treatment is key to managing this damage.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review current literature and guidelines on diagnosing and treating hypertensive end-organ damage.
- To highlight advancements in early detection methods.
- To emphasize the importance of aggressive treatment strategies.
Main Methods:
- Selective literature review since 1995.
- Inclusion of German and European hypertension guidelines.
- Synthesis of diagnostic and therapeutic recommendations.
Main Results:
- Early diagnosis of hypertensive vasculopathy via intima-media thickness and pulse-wave velocity.
- Echocardiography and ECG indices for left ventricular hypertrophy.
- Albuminuria and decreased GFR for nephropathy; MRI for cerebrovascular damage.
- Blood pressure reduction is central to treatment; renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade is vital.
Conclusions:
- Hypertensive end-organ damage is diagnosable early.
- Specific and aggressive treatment can reverse this damage.
- Effective management strategies are available.
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