Juvenile xanthogranuloma in an adult lumbar spine: a case report

Case report.

To report a very rare case of juvenile xanthogranuloma (JXG) of the spine in an adult.

JXG is very rare in the spine, with only five prior reports in infants and children. To the best of our knowledge, this tumor has never been reported in an adult spine.

The patient is a 47-year-old woman who presented with bowel and bladder incontinence. Magnetic resonance imaging showed a very large lesion arising from the L2 vertebral body, with massive extension into the retroperitoneum with extensive intradural involvement. She had decreased rectal tone, had 4/5 strength in the right hip flexor, and had diminished sensation in her anterior right thigh and perineal region. She was otherwise neurologically intact. After preoperative embolization, a decompressive laminectomy was performed and the tumor was resected through a posterolateral transpedicular approach, followed by stabilization. Because of extensive involvement of retroperitoneum, complete resection was not possible.

After pathologic evaluation of the specimen, a diagnosis of JXG was made. Patient underwent postoperative radiation therapy, and her neurologic examination improved significantly over the next several months.

To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case of JXG in an adult spine. Although complete resection of the tumor was not possible, decompression of the dural sac followed by postoperative radiation led to an excellent clinical outcome.