Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Visual System01:26

Visual System

Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
Once through the pupil, the light passes through the lens, a...
Multi-input and Multi-variable systems01:22

Multi-input and Multi-variable systems

Cruise control systems in cars are designed as multi-input systems to maintain a driver's desired speed while compensating for external disturbances such as changes in terrain. The block diagram for a cruise control system typically includes two main inputs: the desired speed set by the driver and any external disturbances, such as the incline of the road. By adjusting the engine throttle, the system maintains the vehicle's speed as close to the desired value as possible.
In the absence of...
Vision01:24

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.
Parallel Processing01:20

Parallel Processing

The brain processes sensory information rapidly due to parallel processing, which involves sending data across multiple neural pathways at the same time. This method allows the brain to manage various sensory qualities, such as shapes, colors, movements, and locations, all concurrently. For instance, when observing a forest landscape, the brain simultaneously processes the movement of leaves, the shapes of trees, the depth between them, and the various shades of green. This enables a quick and...
Gestalt Principles of Perception01:21

Gestalt Principles of Perception

Gestalt principles provide a framework for understanding how humans perceive objects as unified wholes within their context. These principles are essential in explaining the cognitive processes that make sense of complex visual stimuli by organizing them into coherent groups. One fundamental principle is proximity, which posits that objects located close to each other are perceived as a collective group. For instance, when dots are positioned near one another, the visual system interprets them...
Color Vision01:24

Color Vision

Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

The predictive value of baseline systemic inflammation response index and systemic immune-inflammation index for the risk of infection within 6 months following initial immunosuppressive treatment in patients with ANCA-associated vasculitis.

Frontiers in immunology·2026
Same author

Chinese Herb-Induced Type II Crescentic Glomerulonephritis: A Case Report of Four Patients.

Kidney medicine·2026
Same author

Comparison of the BOPPPS model combined with rain classroom teaching and traditional method on nephrology education for fifth-year undergraduates.

BMC medical education·2026
Same author

Global burden and trends of hypertension-related chronic kidney disease attributable to high body mass index or low physical activity: an analysis based on global burden of disease study 2021 data.

Frontiers in nutrition·2026
Same author

COSOS-1k: A Benchmark Dataset and Occlusion-Aware Uncertainty Learning for Multi-View Video Object Detection.

IEEE transactions on image processing : a publication of the IEEE Signal Processing Society·2026
Same author

Factors influencing excessive daytime sleepiness in obstructive sleep apnea: A retrospective cohort analysis integrating psychological assessment with polysomnography.

Journal of psychosomatic research·2025
Same journal

HardFlow: Hard-Constrained Sampling for Flow-Matching Models Via Trajectory Optimization.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2026
Same journal

Industrial Brain: Self-Evolving Neuro-Symbolic Autonomy with Causal Resilience for Cyber-Physical Systems.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2026
Same journal

Adaptive Hardness-Driven Dictionary Distillation for Incomplete Streaming View Clustering.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2026
Same journal

Mixture of Global and Local Experts with Diffusion Transformer for Controllable Face Generation.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2026
Same journal

Task-KV: Task-aware KV Cache Optimization via Semantic Differentiation of Attention Heads.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2026
Same journal

Achieving Text-based Person Retrieval with Any Granularity.

IEEE transactions on pattern analysis and machine intelligence·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation
10:41

VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation

Published on: March 25, 2011

An extended grammar system for learning and recognizing complex visual events.

Zhang Zhang1, Tieniu Tan, Kaiqi Huang

  • 1National Lab of Pattern Recognition, Institute of Automation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing, PR China. zzhang@nlpr.ia.ac.cn

IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
|January 4, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces an extended grammar approach for visual event recognition, overcoming limitations of manual rule creation and sequential-only analysis. The new method effectively models complex temporal relationships and recognizes intricate events, improving accuracy in computer vision applications.

More Related Videos

Combining Eye-tracking Data with an Analysis of Video Content from Free-viewing a Video of a Walk in an Urban Park Environment
08:25

Combining Eye-tracking Data with an Analysis of Video Content from Free-viewing a Video of a Walk in an Urban Park Environment

Published on: May 7, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation
10:41

VisualEyes: A Modular Software System for Oculomotor Experimentation

Published on: March 25, 2011

Combining Eye-tracking Data with an Analysis of Video Content from Free-viewing a Video of a Walk in an Urban Park Environment
08:25

Combining Eye-tracking Data with an Analysis of Video Content from Free-viewing a Video of a Walk in an Urban Park Environment

Published on: May 7, 2019

Area of Science:

  • Computer Vision
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Pattern Recognition

Background:

  • Traditional grammar-based visual event recognition is limited by manual rule creation and inability to handle parallel subevents.
  • Existing methods struggle with complex temporal relationships and are prone to errors in real-world applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose an extended grammar approach for modeling and recognizing complex visual events.
  • To address limitations of manual rule definition and sequential-only event analysis.
  • To improve the accuracy and robustness of visual event recognition systems.

Main Methods:

  • Transforming motion trajectories into basic motion patterns (primitives).
  • Employing Minimum Description Length (MDL) based rule induction to discover temporal structures.
  • Extending Stochastic Context-Free Grammar (SCFG) with Allen's temporal logic for complex temporal relations.
  • Utilizing a Multithread Parsing (MTP) algorithm with error recovery for event recognition.

Main Results:

  • The proposed approach successfully models complex temporal relationships between subevents.
  • The Multithread Parsing algorithm effectively recognizes complex visual events from primitive streams.
  • Experimental validation on diverse datasets (gymnastics, traffic lights, multi-agent interactions) demonstrates significant effectiveness.

Conclusions:

  • The extended grammar approach offers a robust and efficient solution for complex visual event recognition.
  • This method reduces manual effort and enhances the ability to detect events with parallel subevent structures.
  • The findings pave the way for more sophisticated applications in areas requiring advanced visual event understanding.