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Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Ultrasonographic Evaluation of Salivary Glands for Sjogren's Syndrome: Diagnostic and Monitoring Insights
Published on: October 13, 2023
Intraductally applied contrast-enhanced ultrasound (IA-CEUS) for evaluating obstructive disease and secretory
Pamela Zengel1, A Berghaus, C Weiler
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Grosshadern Medical Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-University of Munich, Marchioninistr. 15, 81377, Munich, Germany. Pamela.Zengel@med.uni-muenchen.de
Abstract:
Obstructive diseases of the salivary glands are a common problem, usually based on sialolithiasis, duct stenosis, foreign bodies or other more rare causes. Secretory dysfunction, often associated with Sjögren syndrome or post radiation treatment, is also a frequent problem. Several diagnostic tools exist to classify the disease; however conventional radiological imaging or ultrasound does not provide a diagnosis in 5-10% of all cases. Intraductally applied contrast-enhanced ultrasound (IA-CEUS) improves the visualization of obstructive diseases of the salivary glands. IA-CEUS is a promising tool for assessing the ductal system and to diagnose and characterize abnormalities. This study describes the assessment of IA-CEUS in diagnosing different obstructive and chronic inflammatory conditions of the salivary glands.
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