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Related Concept Videos

Hepatitis01:25

Hepatitis

Hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver most commonly caused by hepatotropic viruses (A–E), though non-infectious causes such as alcohol and drugs also exist.Hepatitis AHepatitis A virus (HAV) is a non-enveloped RNA virus of the Picornaviridae family. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal-oral route, typically through ingestion of contaminated food or water. After ingestion, HAV enters the bloodstream through the oropharynx or intestinal epithelium and reaches the liver. The...
Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction01:28

Viral Hepatitis I: Introduction

Viral hepatitis is an inflammatory condition of the liver caused by infection with hepatotropic viruses, most commonly hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E. Despite variations in structure and transmission, all viruses mentioned infect hepatocytes and provoke immune responses that can hinder liver function. Additionally, some non-hepatotropic viruses can also lead to hepatic inflammation.Hepatitis A VirusHepatitis A virus (HAV) is transmitted through the fecal–oral route, typically by ingestion of food...
Hepatic Portal System01:21

Hepatic Portal System

The hepatic portal system, a critical part of our circulatory framework, transports nutrient-laden, deoxygenated blood from the gastrointestinal tract and spleen to the liver. This ingenious system plays an indispensable role in maintaining our body's metabolic equilibrium.
At its core, the hepatic portal vein is the result of a confluence of the superior and inferior mesenteric veins along with the splenic vein. Each of these veins has a unique role. The superior mesenteric vein is responsible...
Cytomegalovirus Disease01:27

Cytomegalovirus Disease

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) disease is caused by human cytomegalovirus, a double-stranded DNA virus of the Herpesviridae family. While primary CMV infection is often asymptomatic in immunocompetent individuals, the virus can cause severe disease in neonates and immunocompromised patients. CMV is the most common cause of congenital viral infection in the United States, and a major pathogen in solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.CMV is transmitted via bodily fluids, sexual...
Retroviruses02:33

Retroviruses

Retroviruses and retrotransposons both insert copies of their genetic elements into the genome of the host cell. Thus, the viral genes are passed on when the host genome is replicated or translated. A typical retroviral DNA sequence contains 3-4 genes that encode the different proteins required for its structural assembly and function as a molecular parasite. This DNA is transcribed into a single mRNA, which is very similar in structure to conventional mRNAs, i.e., it is capped at the 5’...
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Hepatic Encephalopathy

DefinitionHepatic encephalopathy is a reversible neurologic syndrome that results from advanced liver dysfunction or portosystemic shunting. It leads to disturbances in cognition, behavior, and motor function due to the brain’s exposure to gut-derived toxins that the liver fails to detoxify.EtiologyThis condition develops either in the setting of acute fulminant hepatitis or progressively during chronic liver disease, such as cirrhosis and portal hypertension. Portosystemic shunting—including...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication
13:04

A Protocol for Analyzing Hepatitis C Virus Replication

Published on: June 26, 2014

Dragon exploratory system on hepatitis C virus (DESHCV).

Samuel K Kwofie1, Aleksandar Radovanovic, Vijayaraghava S Sundararajan

  • 1South African National Bioinformatics Institute, University of the Western Cape, Modderdam Road, Bellville, Cape Town, South Africa.

Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases
|January 4, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study introduces DESHCV, a new online tool that uses text mining to explore hepatitis C virus (HCV) research. It helps researchers discover new relationships and potential targets for diagnosing and treating HCV infections.

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Published on: February 1, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Informatics
  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection remains a global health concern due to its chronic nature and insufficient understanding of its molecular basis.
  • Despite extensive research, novel insights into HCV's structure, life cycle, and protein functions require advanced analytical approaches.
  • The growing volume of scientific literature necessitates efficient methods for knowledge extraction and hypothesis generation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and present the first comprehensive, customized biomedical text-mining web resource for hepatitis C virus (HCV) research.
  • To create a knowledge base that facilitates targeted information exploration and relationship discovery within the HCV scientific literature.
  • To provide a freely accessible platform for academic and non-profit users to advance HCV research.

Main Methods:

  • Enriched existing text-mining dictionaries with HCV-specific concepts, including protein names, variants, and symbols.
  • Processed 32,895 PubMed abstracts related to HCV using concept recognition from multiple dictionaries.
  • Developed a web query interface for information retrieval, generating text-derived association networks and hypotheses.

Main Results:

  • Successfully created the Dragon Exploratory System on Hepatitis C Virus (DESHCV), a specialized biomedical text-mining knowledge base.
  • The system enables users to query information using specific concepts and keywords, revealing associations within HCV literature.
  • Generated text-derived networks and hypotheses that can guide future research into novel diagnostic and therapeutic targets for HCV.

Conclusions:

  • DESHCV offers a novel, literature-based discovery resource for accelerating research into the molecular etiology of HCV infections.
  • The text-mining approach facilitates the identification of potential relationships between different concepts, aiding in the search for diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
  • This freely accessible online tool empowers the scientific community to explore HCV literature more effectively and generate testable hypotheses.