[Histological regression of liver fibrosis with immunosuppressive therapy in autoimmune hepatitis]

Reversibility of liver fibrosis with immunosuppressive therapy (IT) has been described in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).

To compare initial fibrosis and fibrosis after IT in patients with AIH.

A total of 54 patients were admitted with positive ANA or AML antibodies, or both, elevated IgG immunoglobulins and who met international criteria for a diagnosis of AIH. The mean age was 39 years (range 13-65) and there were 47 women (87%). Two liver biopsies were taken: one at diagnosis and another at a mean of 28±8 months after initiation of IT with prednisone and azathioprine. The degree of inflammation (0-18) and fibrosis (0-6) according to Ishak score was compared between the initial and the follow-up biopsy.

Fibrosis decreased from 2.9±0.3 to 2.2±0.3 (p=0.005) and histological activity index from 6.8±0.45 to 2.6±0.2 (P<.001). In subgroups, fibrosis decreased from 3.6±0.4 to 1.4±0.3 (P<.001) in 22 patients (41%), was unchanged in 27 (50%) and increased in five (9%). There were seven patients with histological cirrhosis at IT initiation. After IT, four showed a reduction in Ishak score (achieving scores of 0-3). Transaminase values were not associated with histological improvement.

Fibrosis in patients with AIH significantly improved with IT, emphasizing the importance of studying the prognostic factors associated with this favorable response.