Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Complementation Tests00:49

Complementation Tests

A complementation test is a simple cross to identify whether the two mutations are located on the same gene or different genes. It was first performed by Edward Lewis in the 1940s while working on fruit flies. He developed the test to identify the location and arrangement of different mutations on chromosomes.
Organisms heterozygous for different mutations are crossed pairwise in all combinations. If present on different genes, the mutations can complement each other by providing the missing...
Mismatch Repair01:20

Mismatch Repair

Organisms are capable of detecting and fixing nucleotide mismatches that occur during DNA replication. This sophisticated process requires identifying the new strand and replacing the erroneous bases with correct nucleotides. Mismatch repair is coordinated by many proteins in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes.
The Mutator Protein Family Plays a Key Role in DNA Mismatch Repair
The human genome has more than 3 billion base pairs of DNA per cell. Prior to cell division, that vast amount of genetic...
Mismatch Repair01:36

Mismatch Repair

Overview
Point and Frameshift Mutations01:30

Point and Frameshift Mutations

Point mutations are genetic alterations involving the change of a single nucleotide base pair in DNA. Depending on how the alteration affects protein synthesis, they can lead to various consequences.Point mutations fall into the following types:Silent mutations occur when a nucleotide change does not alter the amino acid sequence due to the redundancy of the genetic code. For instance, changing ACC to ACA still encodes threonine, leaving the protein function unaffected. This occurs because...
Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift01:09

Mutation, Gene Flow, and Genetic Drift

In a population that is not at Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, the frequency of alleles changes over time. Therefore, any deviations from the five conditions of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium can alter the genetic variation of a given population. Conditions that change the genetic variability of a population include mutations, natural selection, non-random mating, gene flow, and genetic drift (small population size).Mechanisms of Genetic VariationThe original sources of genetic variation are mutations,...
Proofreading01:31

Proofreading

Synthesis of new DNA molecules is carried out by the enzyme DNA polymerase, which adds nucleotides on the daughter strand complementary to the template DNA strand. DNA polymerase has a higher affinity to add the correct base and ensures fidelity during DNA replication. Furthermore,  it exhibits proofreading activity during replication, using an exonuclease domain that cuts off incorrect nucleotides from the nascent DNA strand.
Errors During Replication are Corrected by the DNA Polymerase Enzyme

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Randomness in the evolution of cooperation.

Behavioural processes·2015
Same author

Distribution of recombination hotspots in the human genome--a comparison of computer simulations with real data.

PloS one·2013
Same author

Genome analyses and modelling the relationships between coding density, recombination rate and chromosome length.

Journal of theoretical biology·2010
Same author

Simulated self-organization of death by inherited mutations.

Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias·2009
Same author

Superdiffusion in a model for diffusion in a molecularly crowded environment.

Journal of biological physics·2009
Same author

Agent-based computer simulations of language choice dynamics.

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·2009
Same journal

High-impact Genetic Variants in <i>EGLN1</i>, <i>EPAS1</i>, and Other Genes Identified in Mountaineers by Exome Sequencing.

Frontiers in bioscience (Scholar edition)·2026
Same journal

Review of Potential Diagnostic and Therapeutic Developments in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).

Frontiers in bioscience (Scholar edition)·2026
Same journal

The Genetic Feasibility of Gonadal Development and Fertility in Polyodon-Acipenserid Interfamilial Hybrids: An Opinion on the Chromosomal Basis.

Frontiers in bioscience (Scholar edition)·2026
Same journal

Glut1 Acts in Corazonin-Producing Neurons to Regulate Glycogen Storage in <i>Drosophila</i>.

Frontiers in bioscience (Scholar edition)·2026
Same journal

The Evaluation of Neurotrophic Receptor Tyrosine Kinase (NTRK) Alterations in Neuroblastomas.

Frontiers in bioscience (Scholar edition)·2026
Same journal

Molecular Characterization of the Epstein-Barr Virus in Malignant Tumors of Different Origins: An Emphasis on <i>EBER</i> Promoter Value for EBV Classification.

Frontiers in bioscience (Scholar edition)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
04:52

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations

Published on: February 3, 2023

Haplotype complementarity under mutational pressure.

Dietrich Stauffer1, Stanislaw Cebrat

  • 1Institute for Theoretical Physics, Cologne University, D-50923 Koln, Euroland.

Frontiers in Bioscience (Scholar Edition)
|January 4, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Natural populations differ from Mendelian ones, with genes clustering and complementing each other. This genetic complementation protects against recessive diseases in small, inbreeding populations.

More Related Videos

High-Throughput Robotically Assisted Isolation of Temperature-sensitive Lethal Mutants in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
10:51

High-Throughput Robotically Assisted Isolation of Temperature-sensitive Lethal Mutants in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Published on: December 5, 2016

A Protocol for Functional Assessment of Whole-Protein Saturation Mutagenesis Libraries Utilizing High-Throughput Sequencing
11:36

A Protocol for Functional Assessment of Whole-Protein Saturation Mutagenesis Libraries Utilizing High-Throughput Sequencing

Published on: July 3, 2016

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations
04:52

Following the Dynamics of Structural Variants in Experimentally Evolved Populations

Published on: February 3, 2023

High-Throughput Robotically Assisted Isolation of Temperature-sensitive Lethal Mutants in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
10:51

High-Throughput Robotically Assisted Isolation of Temperature-sensitive Lethal Mutants in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii

Published on: December 5, 2016

A Protocol for Functional Assessment of Whole-Protein Saturation Mutagenesis Libraries Utilizing High-Throughput Sequencing
11:36

A Protocol for Functional Assessment of Whole-Protein Saturation Mutagenesis Libraries Utilizing High-Throughput Sequencing

Published on: July 3, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary genetics
  • Population genetics

Background:

  • Natural populations deviate from idealized Mendelian populations.
  • Factors like small size, high inbreeding, and low recombination rates impact gene assortment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate gene inheritance patterns in natural populations.
  • To explore the implications of genetic clustering and complementation.

Main Methods:

  • Computer simulations were employed to model gene behavior.
  • Analysis focused on mutation elimination and allele interactions within gene clusters.

Main Results:

  • Genes are inherited in clusters, evolving as single genetic units.
  • Purifying selection acts on entire gene clusters, not individual mutations.
  • Genetic complementation occurs where opposing alleles are present on different haplotypes, masking deleterious recessives.

Conclusions:

  • Genetic complementation is a significant evolutionary strategy in small or spatially structured populations.
  • This mechanism can maintain high frequencies of recessive deleterious alleles without phenotypic impact.