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Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Quantum State Engineering of Light with Continuous-wave Optical Parametric Oscillators
Published on: May 30, 2014
Excited-state enhancement of third-order optical nonlinearities: photodynamics and characterization
1School of Physics and Key Laboratory of Weak Light Nonlinear Photonics, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
Abstract:
Based on the simplified five-level rate-equation theory, we investigate the hybrid third-order optical nonlinear processes which combine the instantaneous nonlinearity and the one-photon absorption induced excited-state nonlinearity. We obtain the analytical third-order nonlinear absorption and refraction coefficients originating from the singlet and triplet excited-state effects. We explore the photodynamic process and give the corresponding level diagram in the nanosecond, picosecond, and femtosecond regimes. We develop the pulse-duration-dependent Z-scan theory for characterizing the simultaneous instantaneous nonlinearity and cumulative effect of the excited-state nonlinearity. We also demonstrate the validity of the presented theory to analyze the experimental results.
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