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Related Concept Videos

Botulism01:22

Botulism

Botulism is a life-threatening neuroparalytic condition caused by botulinum neurotoxin, which is produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum, a Gram-positive, spore-forming, obligate anaerobe.In adults, the toxin enters the body in different ways: in foodborne botulism, the preformed toxin is absorbed in the intestine. In wound botulism, spores grow in injured tissue and release the toxin into the blood. Infant botulism differs mechanistically from adult forms. In infants, botulism commonly...
Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management01:30

Acute Pancreatitis II: Clinical Manifestations and Management

Acute pancreatitis presents a complex medical emergency characterized by rapid onset inflammation of the pancreas, demanding timely diagnosis and management to prevent complications. The condition primarily manifests through severe upper abdominal pain that often radiates to the back. This pain intensifies following the consumption of fatty foods. Accompanying symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, abdominal distention, fever, dyspnea, cyanosis, and jaundice can vary in intensity but significantly...
Toxoplasmosis01:28

Toxoplasmosis

Toxoplasmosis, a zoonotic disease caused by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii, poses significant public health challenges globally due to its high seroprevalence and varied clinical manifestations. As an obligate intracellular parasite, T. gondii can infect all warm-blooded vertebrates, but felids are its only definitive hosts, shedding unsporulated oocysts into the environment. Humans typically acquire the infection through ingestion of tissue cysts in undercooked meat or oocysts from...
Bacterial Gastroenteritis01:18

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever01:26

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary bacterium. This pathogen is an obligate intracellular parasite, requiring a host cell for replication. Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick. In the United States, the most important vectors are Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) and Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick), though other tick species may also serve as vectors.
Inhalation Anthrax01:25

Inhalation Anthrax

Anthrax is a zoonotic disease caused by Bacillus anthracis, a Gram-positive, spore-forming bacterium. It primarily affects herbivorous animals but can be transmitted to humans through skin contact, ingestion, or inhalation of spores.Cutaneous anthrax, the most common form, typically results from direct contact with bacterial spores through skin abrasions and is generally less severe. Gastrointestinal anthrax results from eating undercooked or contaminated meat. It affects the mouth, throat, or...

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Botulism in 2 urban dogs.

Ane Uriarte1, Jean-Laurent Thibaud, Stéphane Blot

  • 1Unité de Neurologie, École Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France. auriarte@ndsr.co.uk

The Canadian Veterinary Journal = La Revue Veterinaire Canadienne
|January 4, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Canine botulism was diagnosed in two dogs presenting with ascending weakness. Electromyography and electroneurography revealed specific nerve conduction abnormalities, aiding in the diagnosis of this serious neuromuscular disorder.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Neurology
  • Clinical Electrophysiology

Background:

  • Botulism is a rare but serious paralytic disease caused by toxins produced by Clostridium botulinum bacteria.
  • Ascending weakness and paresis are hallmark clinical signs that warrant thorough diagnostic investigation in dogs.

Observation:

  • Two dogs from the same household presented with a 2-3 day history of progressive, ascending weakness and paresis.
  • Clinical examination revealed significant neuromuscular deficits consistent with a lower motor neuron disorder.

Findings:

  • Electromyography (EMG) and electroneurography (ENeG) were performed to evaluate nerve and muscle function.
  • Diagnostic findings included normal F-wave responses, decreased compound muscle action potentials (CMAPs), and reduced activity on repetitive nerve stimulation (RNS).

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Isolation and Quantification of Botulinum Neurotoxin From Complex Matrices Using the BoTest Matrix Assays
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Implications:

  • These electrodiagnostic findings are characteristic of a presynaptic neuromuscular junction defect, strongly supporting a diagnosis of botulism.
  • Early and accurate diagnosis through electrophysiology is crucial for initiating timely supportive care and improving prognosis in canine botulism cases.