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Accidental salinomycin intoxication in calves.

Arash Omidi1, Mohammad R Aslani, Ahmad R Movassaghi

  • 1Department of Animal Sciences, Birjand University, Iran.

The Canadian Veterinary Journal = La Revue Veterinaire Canadienne
|January 4, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Excessive salinomycin in feed caused high mortality in young dairy calves. The poisoning led to heart failure, organ damage, and elevated enzymes, highlighting ionophore toxicity risks in cattle.

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Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Toxicology
  • Animal Pathology

Background:

  • Ionophore antibiotics like salinomycin are used in cattle for growth promotion and feed efficiency.
  • Accidental overdosing can lead to severe toxicity in livestock.

Observation:

  • A dairy herd in Iran experienced an inadvertent excessive dose of salinomycin mixed with barley grain.
  • Twenty-four calves aged 10-16 weeks were affected, resulting in 58% mortality within 10 days.

Findings:

  • Affected calves exhibited high serum activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and creatine kinase (CK).
  • Histopathologic examination revealed lesions in the myocardium, liver, and kidneys.
  • Clinical signs were consistent with acute and congestive heart failure.

Implications:

  • This case highlights the critical importance of accurate drug dosing and feed mixing in preventing ionophore antibiotic toxicity in young cattle.
  • Salinomycin toxicity can cause significant economic losses due to high mortality and organ damage in dairy calves.
  • Understanding the clinical and pathological manifestations is crucial for timely diagnosis and management of such poisoning events in livestock.