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Related Concept Videos

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA (lncRNA)...
Types of RNA01:20

Types of RNA

Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in regulating gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA Performs Diverse...
Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
Organization of Genes02:07

Organization of Genes

Overview
Prokaryotic Gene Structure and Organization01:28

Prokaryotic Gene Structure and Organization

Prokaryotic genomes exhibit a streamlined organization of coding and non-coding regions essential for gene expression and protein synthesis. While coding regions contain the genetic instructions for proteins or functional RNAs, non-coding regions regulate the precise transcription and translation of these genes.Coding Regions: Proteins and RNAsThe primary coding regions, known as structural genes, include sequences transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA) and ultimately translated into...

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Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster
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Enhanced Northern Blot Detection of Small RNA Species in Drosophila Melanogaster

Published on: August 21, 2014

Hierarchical genetic networks and noncoding RNAs.

Vladimir P Zhdanov1

  • 1Department of Applied Physics, Chalmers University of Technology, S-41296 Göteborg, Sweden. zhdanov@catalysis.ru

Chaos (Woodbury, N.Y.)
|January 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Noncoding RNAs can regulate gene expression by interacting with messenger RNAs (mRNAs). This study models how noncoding RNAs affect mRNA-protein networks, predicting unique steady states or bistability depending on regulatory mechanisms.

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Systems Biology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Eukaryotic genes are transcribed into noncoding RNAs.
  • Noncoding RNAs can interact with messenger RNAs (mRNAs) to regulate translation and degradation.
  • Understanding these regulatory interactions is crucial for deciphering gene expression control.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a kinetic model for the effect of noncoding RNAs on a mRNA-protein network.
  • To analyze the regulatory impact of noncoding RNAs in a hierarchical three-layer architecture.
  • To predict the system's behavior under different regulatory conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Development of a kinetic model for gene regulatory networks.
  • Analysis of a three-layer hierarchical network architecture.

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  • Mathematical modeling of noncoding RNA interactions with mRNAs and proteins.

    • Main Results:

    • For positive regulation, the model predicts either bistability with a narrow hysteresis loop or a unique steady state.
    • For negative or mixed regulation, a unique steady state is consistently predicted.
    • The model elucidates distinct network behaviors based on regulatory logic.

    Conclusions:

    • Noncoding RNA regulation can lead to complex behaviors like bistability or unique steady states in eukaryotic gene expression.
    • The kinetic model provides insights into the quantitative dynamics of mRNA-protein networks modulated by noncoding RNAs.
    • Regulatory mechanisms significantly determine the stability and potential switching behavior of these cellular networks.