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Related Concept Videos

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions01:19

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Immune-Complex Reactions

Type III hypersensitivity reactions occur when antigen–antibody complexes form and activate the complement system. Normally, these complexes help the clearance of antigens by phagocytes and red blood cells. However, when large numbers of immune complexes are present, they can deposit in tissues—particularly in the walls of blood vessels—leading to inflammation and tissue injury. These deposits trigger complement activation and neutrophil recruitment, resulting in serum sickness, a systemic...
Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction01:23

Rheumatic Heart Disease I: Introduction

Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
Hypersensitivity Reactions: Cytolytic Reactions01:01

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Cytolytic Reactions

Type II hypersensitivity involves IgG and IgM antibodies targeting cell surface antigens, leading to cell destruction. This can occur through complement activation, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), or acting as opsonins for phagocytosis. When excessive, these reactions cause significant tissue damage.Drug-induced hemolytic anemia is a common example, where drugs like penicillin or cephalosporins bind to red blood cells, forming drug-protein complexes. These complexes...
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
Connective Tissue Cell Types01:22

Connective Tissue Cell Types

Connective tissue develops from the mesoderm of a developing embryo and consists of cells, fibers, and ground substance: a gel-like material containing large complexes of carbohydrates and proteins. Connective tissue was first identified as a separate tissue family in the 18th century, and Johannes Peter Muller coined the term connective tissue.
Fat cells (adipocytes), smooth muscle cells (myoblasts), and bone cells (osteoblasts) are some connective tissue cell types. Some immune system cells...
Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:22

Rheumatic Heart Disease II: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

The key clinical manifestations of Rheumatic heart disease (RHD) include several distinct cardiac symptoms.Carditis, a hallmark of acute rheumatic fever, involves inflammation of the heart's endocardium, myocardium, and pericardium. Chronic RHD often results from recurrent episodes of carditis. Its symptoms include the following:Murmurs are caused by valvular damage, especially to the mitral and aortic valves. Mitral stenosis or regurgitation is common, with characteristic heart murmurs...

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Granulocyte-dependent Autoantibody-induced Skin Blistering
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Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis in mixed connective tissue disease.

Ana Maria Calistru1, Carmen Lisboa, Maria João Cruz

  • 1Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Hospital São João, Porto, Portugal.

Dermatology Online Journal
|January 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis, a rare condition, was observed in a patient with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). Hydroxychloroquine treatment proved effective after initial corticosteroid dependence.

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Area of Science:

  • Rheumatology
  • Dermatology
  • Immunology

Background:

  • Urticarial vasculitis presents with urticarial lesions and leukocytoclastic vasculitis.
  • It is often idiopathic or linked to infections, hematologic disorders, drugs, and connective tissue diseases.
  • Association with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) is rare.

Observation:

  • A case of hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis in a patient with MCTD is presented.
  • The patient initially required corticosteroids for treatment.
  • The condition showed a positive response to hydroxychloroquine therapy.

Findings:

  • This case highlights a rare association between hypocomplementemic urticarial vasculitis and MCTD.
  • Hydroxychloroquine demonstrated efficacy in managing the condition.
  • Successful transition from corticosteroid dependence to hydroxychloroquine was achieved.

Implications:

  • This finding suggests hydroxychloroquine as a potential therapeutic option for urticarial vasculitis in MCTD patients.
  • Further research may elucidate the underlying mechanisms of this association.
  • This case broadens the understanding of connective tissue disease manifestations.