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Temporal association between rhinovirus circulation in the community and invasive pneumococcal disease in children

Ville Peltola1, Terho Heikkinen, Olli Ruuskanen

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland. ville.peltola@utu.fi

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|January 5, 2011
PubMed

Insights

Rhinovirus infections in children are linked to increased invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). This study suggests rhinovirus may contribute to IPD development in young children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Virology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Coinfections with respiratory viruses and Streptococcus pneumoniae are common in children.
  • The specific role of rhinovirus in invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) development in children remains understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between rhinovirus infections and the incidence of IPD in children under 5 years of age.
  • To determine if rhinovirus activity influences the risk of developing IPD.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of data from 1995-2007 in Finland, combining national registers, prospective studies, and virology databases.
  • Correlation of IPD rates in children <5 years with periods of high and low rhinovirus activity.
  • Assessment of associations with respiratory syncytial virus and influenza activity.

Main Results:

  • IPD rates were significantly higher during high rhinovirus activity (2.9 cases/week) compared to low activity (1.4 cases/week).
  • IPD rates showed a positive correlation with rhinovirus activity.
  • A moderate increase in IPD was observed during high respiratory syncytial virus activity, but not influenza.

Conclusions:

  • Community circulation of rhinovirus is associated with an increased incidence of IPD in young children.
  • Rhinovirus infection is suggested as a potential contributing factor to the development of IPD in this population.
Abstract

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