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Related Concept Videos

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects01:26

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Stoichiometric Point Defects

Schottky defects arise when some lattice points in a crystal, such as those in NaCl, remain unoccupied, creating lattice vacancies without disturbing the overall electrical neutrality of the crystal. This defect is common in ionic crystals where the positive and negative ions are similar in size, as seen in sodium chloride and cesium chloride. The presence of Schottky defects enables the crystal to conduct electricity to a small extent through an ionic mechanism. Electric fields cause nearby...
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Crystal symmetry operations are isometric transformations that map objects onto indistinguishable copies while preserving distances, angles, and volumes. The simplest symmetry operation is translation, which shifts the entire infinite crystal lattice parallelly by a translation vector.Crystallographic rotations involve rotations by an angle of 2π/n around an axis without changing the positions of points on the axis. It is called the rotational axis of the symmetry, denoted by n. The combination...
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Determination of Crystal Structures

In the late 1800s, the revelation that light extended beyond visible wavelengths led to the discovery of X-rays by Wilhelm Roentgen. Recognized as high-energy electromagnetic radiation with short wavelengths, X-rays prompted exploration into their interaction with crystals. Max von Laue proposed in 1912 that the periodic arrangement of atoms, ions, or molecules in crystals would cause them to diffract X-rays, a hypothesis confirmed through experiments with copper sulfate and zinc sulfide...
Crystallographic Point Groups01:29

Crystallographic Point Groups

Crystallographic point groups represent the various symmetry operations that can occur within crystals. They are unique in that at least one point will always remain unchanged during these actions. For instance, consider the triclinic system. This system, devoid of any axis or plane of symmetry, aligns with the C1 and Ci point groups.where Cᵢ is characterized solely by a center of inversion.Contrastingly, the monoclinic system introduces an element of symmetry. This system with one plane and...
Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Non-Stoichiometric Defects01:29

Imperfections in Crystal Structure: Non-Stoichiometric Defects

Non-stoichiometric defects refer to a type of defect in the crystal structure of a compound where the ratio of its constituent elements deviates from the ideal stoichiometric ratio. There are two main types of non-stoichiometric defects: metal excess defects and metal deficiency defects.Metal excess defects occur when there is a slight surplus of metal ions than what is required by the stoichiometric ratio of the compound. For example, heating a sodium chloride crystal in sodium vapor results...
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Crystals with various point group symmetries belong to different crystal classes, which are synonymous terms. Despite being in the same class, crystals may have distinct shapes, like cubes and octahedra. There are 32 three-dimensional point groups, all of which are systematically divided into seven crystal systems.The basic cubic crystal system, exemplified by NaCl, features orthogonal vectors (α = β = �� = 90°) of equal lengths (a = b = c). When specific requirements are not imposed on the...

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Sample Preparation and Transfer Protocol for In-Vacuum Long-Wavelength Crystallography on Beamline I23 at Diamond Light Source
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Dy(8)SnS(13.61)O(0.39) from single-crystal data.

M Daszkiewicz, L D Gulay, V Ya Shemet

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |January 5, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Dysprosium tin sulfide oxide crystals were unintentionally synthesized. This new material, Dy(8)SnS(13)S(1-x)O(x), features unique atomic arrangements with dysprosium, tin, sulfur, and oxygen.

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    Area of Science:

    • Solid-state chemistry
    • Inorganic materials science
    • Crystallography

    Background:

    • The Dy-Sn-S system is known for complex sulfide compounds.
    • Unintentional synthesis often reveals novel material compositions and structures.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To characterize the crystal structure of an unintentionally synthesized dysprosium tin sulfide oxide.
    • To understand the atomic arrangement and bonding in the new compound Dy(8)SnS(13)S(1-x)O(x).

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was used to determine the crystal structure.
    • Analysis of atomic positions and coordination environments.

    Main Results:

    • The crystal structure of Dy(8)SnS(13)S(1-x)O(x) [x = 0.39(4)] was determined.
    • A statistical mixture of sulfur and oxygen was observed at one crystallographic site.
    • Dysprosium atoms are coordinated by S and O, while tin atoms exhibit tetrahedral sulfur coordination.

    Conclusions:

    • A novel dysprosium tin sulfide oxide was discovered.
    • The crystal structure reveals interconnected trigonal prisms and tetrahedra.
    • The findings contribute to the understanding of mixed anion systems in rare-earth metal chalcogenides.