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[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of Allyl Vinyl Ethers: Claisen Rearrangement01:24

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An allyl group is a three-carbon conjugated system where the sp³-hybridized allylic carbon is bonded to a CH=CH2 group via a single bond. Allyl anions can be obtained by treating propene with a strong base that can deprotonate methyl groups. Allyl cations are formed as intermediates during substitution reactions involving allylic halides. In both cases, the hybridization of the allylic carbon changes from sp3 to sp2, giving rise to a carbon chain with three sp2-hybridized carbons, each with an...
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Alkyl Halides

Structural Properties
Alkyl halides are halogen-substituted alkanes wherein one or more hydrogen atoms of an alkane is replaced by a halogen atom such as fluorine, chlorine, bromine, or iodine. The carbon atom in an alkyl halide is bonded to the halogen atom, which is sp3-hybridized and exhibits a tetrahedral shape.
Unlike alkyl halides, compounds in which a halogen atom is bonded to an sp2 -hybridized carbon atom of a carbon-carbon double bond (C=C) are called vinyl halides. Whereas aryl...
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4-Allyl-4-ethyl-morpholinium chloride.

Mei-Ling Wang1, Hong-Jun Zang, Bo-Wen Cheng

  • 1School of Materials and Chemical Engineering and Key Laboratory of Hollow Fiber Membrane Materials & Membrane Processes, Tianjin Polytechnic University, Tianjin 300160, People's Republic of China.

Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|January 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study details the crystal structure of a morpholine molecular salt, C(9)H(18)NO(+)·Cl(-). Researchers identified specific intra- and inter-molecular hydrogen bonds influencing its structure.

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Area of Science:

  • Crystallography
  • Molecular Chemistry
  • Solid-State Chemistry

Background:

  • Molecular salts offer unique structural and chemical properties.
  • Understanding hydrogen bonding is crucial for predicting material behavior.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the crystal structure of the morpholine molecular salt C(9)H(18)NO(+)·Cl(-).
  • To investigate the role of intra- and inter-molecular hydrogen bonds in the solid-state arrangement.

Main Methods:

  • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis.
  • Structural characterization of the molecular salt.

Main Results:

  • The morpholine ring within the salt C(9)H(18)NO(+)·Cl(-) adopts a chair conformation.
  • Intra-molecular C-H⋯Cl bonds were observed.
  • Inter-molecular C-H⋯O and C-H⋯Cl hydrogen bonds were identified, linking molecules in the crystal lattice.

Conclusions:

  • The crystal structure is stabilized by a network of hydrogen bonds.
  • The conformational preference of the morpholine ring is influenced by crystal packing forces.