![Mizoroki-Heck Cross-coupling Reactions Catalyzed by Dichloro{bis[1,1',1''-(phosphinetriyl)tripiperidine]}palladium Under Mild Reaction Conditions](/_next/image?url=https%3A%2F%2Fcloudfront.jove.com%2FCDNSource%2Fteasers%2F51444.jpg&w=3840&q=50)
Dichloridotris(trimethyl-phosphine)nickel(II)
Ruixia Cao1, Qibao Wang, Hongjian Sun
1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Shanda Nanlu 27, Jinan 250100, People's Republic of China.
Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
|January 5, 2011
Summary
This study details the synthesis and structure of a new nickel chloride trimethyl-phosphine complex. The compound readily decomposes, highlighting the dynamic nature of coordination chemistry.
Area of Science:
- Inorganic Chemistry
- Coordination Chemistry
- Organometallic Chemistry
Background:
- Nickel chloride complexes with phosphine ligands are crucial in catalysis and materials science.
- Understanding ligand dynamics is key to controlling reactivity in organometallic compounds.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize and characterize a novel nickel chloride complex with trimethyl-phosphine.
- To investigate the structural properties and stability of the synthesized compound.
Main Methods:
- Reaction of NiCl2(PMe3)2 with trimethyl-phosphine in diethyl ether.
- Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis to determine molecular structure.
- Analysis of bond lengths and angles to describe the coordination geometry.
Main Results:
- The title compound, [NiCl2(PMe3)3], was successfully synthesized.
- The crystal structure reveals two independent molecules with similar geometries.
- The nickel center exhibits a trigonal bipyramidal coordination environment.
- The complex readily loses trimethyl-phosphine at room temperature, reverting to NiCl2(PMe3)2.
Conclusions:
- The synthesized nickel complex is unstable and readily dissociates.
- The trigonal bipyramidal geometry and differential Ni-P bond lengths are key structural features.
- This highlights the lability of phosphine ligands in certain nickel coordination environments.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Radical Substitution: Hydrogenolysis of Alkyl Halides with Tributyltin Hydride
Radical substitution reactions can be used to remove functional groups from molecules. The hydrogenolysis of alkyl halides is one such reaction, where the weak Sn–H bond in tributyltin hydride reacts with alkyl halides to form alkanes. Here, the reagent Bu3SnH yields tributyltin halide as a byproduct.
The bonds formed in this reaction are stronger than the bonds broken, making it energetically favorable. The reaction follows a radical chain mechanism similar to radical halogenation reactions,...
The bonds formed in this reaction are stronger than the bonds broken, making it energetically favorable. The reaction follows a radical chain mechanism similar to radical halogenation reactions,...
01:03Precipitation Gravimetry
Precipitation gravimetry is based on converting an analyte into a sparingly soluble precipitate, which is separated by filtration and weighed. An ideal precipitate should be pure, insoluble, of known composition, and easily filtered from the reaction mixture.
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...
In determining nickel by gravimetric analysis, a precipitant of ethanolic dimethylglyoxime is added to a hot nickel salt solution. This is quickly followed by the dropwise addition of dilute ammonia solution until precipitation occurs. A...
02:50Catalysis
The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
01:12Preparation of Nitriles
One of the common methods to prepare nitriles is the dehydration of amides. This method requires strong dehydrating agents like phosphorous pentoxide or boiling acetic anhydride for converting amides to nitriles. Another reagent namely, thionyl chloride also accomplishes the dehydration of amides, where amide acts as a nucleophile. The first step of the mechanism involves the nucleophilic attack by the amide on the thionyl chloride to form an intermediate. In the next step, the electron pairs...
02:26SN2 Reaction: Transition State
An SN2 reaction of an alkyl halide is a single-step process in which bond formation between the nucleophile and the substrate and bond breaking between the substrate and the halide occurs simultaneously through a transition state without forming an intermediate.
When the nucleophile approaches the electrophilic carbon with its lone pairs, the halide acts as a leaving group and moves away with the electron-pair bonded to the carbon. Dotted partial bonds represent the bonds being formed or broken...
When the nucleophile approaches the electrophilic carbon with its lone pairs, the halide acts as a leaving group and moves away with the electron-pair bonded to the carbon. Dotted partial bonds represent the bonds being formed or broken...
02:30Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur
Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...