Jove
Visualize
Contact Us

Related Concept Videos

Preparation and Reactions of Thiols02:33

Preparation and Reactions of Thiols

Thiols are prepared using the hydrosulfide anion as a nucleophile in a nucleophilic substitution reaction with alkyl halides. For instance, bromobutane reacts with sodium hydrosulfide to give butanethiol.
Preparation of Nitriles01:12

Preparation of Nitriles

One of the common methods to prepare nitriles is the dehydration of amides. This method requires strong dehydrating agents like phosphorous pentoxide or boiling acetic anhydride for converting amides to nitriles. Another reagent namely, thionyl chloride also accomplishes the dehydration of amides, where amide acts as a nucleophile. The first step of the mechanism involves the nucleophilic attack by the amide on the thionyl chloride to form an intermediate. In the next step, the electron pairs...
Preparation of 1° Amines: Gabriel Synthesis01:28

Preparation of 1° Amines: Gabriel Synthesis

Direct alkylation is not a suitable method for synthesizing amines because it produces polyalkylated products. Gabriel synthesis is the most preferred method to exclusively make primary amines. The method uses phthalimide, which contains a protected form of nitrogen that participates in alkylation only once to predominantly give primary amines.
Strong bases like NaOH or KOH deprotonate the phthalimide to form the corresponding anion, which acts as a nucleophile. Further, the anion attacks an...
Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides02:17

Structure and Nomenclature of Thiols and Sulfides

Thiols and sulfides are sulfur analogs of alcohols and ethers, respectively, where the sulfur atom takes the place of the oxygen atom. Thus, thiols are generally represented as RSH, where R is an alkyl substituent and —SH is the functional group. On the other hand, in sulfides, the central sulfur atom is bonded to two hydrocarbon groups on either side. Depending upon the type of group, sulfides can be either symmetrical or asymmetrical. Both thiols and sulfides display a bent geometry, similar...
1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism01:37

1° Amines to Diazonium or Aryldiazonium Salts: Diazotization with NaNO2 Mechanism

Nitrous acid is a relatively weak and unstable acid prepared in situ by the reaction of sodium nitrite and cold, dilute hydrochloric acid. In an acidic solution, the nitrous acid undergoes protonation when it loses water to form a nitrosonium ion—an electrophile. Nitrous acid reacts with primary amines to give diazonium salts. The reaction is called diazotization of primary amines.
Preparation of 1° Amines: Hofmann and Curtius Rearrangement Overview01:07

Preparation of 1° Amines: Hofmann and Curtius Rearrangement Overview

In the presence of an aqueous base and a halogen, primary amides can lose the carbonyl (as carbon dioxide) and undergo rearrangement to form primary amines. This reaction, called the Hofmann rearrangement, can produce primary amines (aryl and alkyl) in high yields without contamination by secondary and tertiary amines.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Chromium-Doped Magnetite Nanoparticles for Permanganate Ion Removal: Advances in Environmental Remediation.

ACS omega·2026
Same author

Investigating the spectroscopic properties and interaction with DNA of new Ru<sup>II</sup>-naphthalimide complexes.

Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomolecular spectroscopy·2026
Same author

A serendipitous product of the reaction of famotidine with copper(II).

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Crystallographic communications·2026
Same author

Ag(I) complexes with natural products and triphenylphosphine: activity against tumor cell lines and mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Journal of biological inorganic chemistry : JBIC : a publication of the Society of Biological Inorganic Chemistry·2026
Same author

Synthesis and Structure Elucidation of New NSAID Diphosphine Ruthenium(II) Complexes as Potential Anticancer Agents: DNA/BSA Binding and Cytotoxicity Assays.

ACS omega·2026
Same author

<i>Para</i>-substituted benzoic acid ruthenium(ii) complexes: structural features modulating cytotoxicity.

RSC advances·2026
Same journal

Crystal structure of 1-(piperidin-1-yl)butane-1,3-dione.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
Same journal

Crystal structure of methyl 1-methyl-3,5-diphenyl-7-tosyl-3,6,7,11b-tetra-hydro-pyrazolo-[4',3':5,6]pyrano[3,4-c]quinoline-5a(5H)-carboxyl-ate.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
Same journal

Crystal structure of 4-amino-1-(4-methyl-benz-yl)pyridinium bromide.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
Same journal

Crystal structure of (Z)-3-benz-yloxy-6-[(2-hy-droxy-anilino)methyl-idene]cyclo-hexa-2,4-dien-1-one.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
Same journal

Crystal structure of bis-(1-benzyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole) perchloric acid monosolvate.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
Same journal

Crystal structure of 2-(di-phenyl-phos-phanyl)phenyl 4-(hy-droxy-meth-yl)benzoate.

Acta crystallographica. Section E, Structure reports online·2015
See all related articles
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Synthesis and Bioconjugation of Thiol-Reactive Reagents for the Creation of Site-Selectively Modified Immunoconjugates
08:47

Synthesis and Bioconjugation of Thiol-Reactive Reagents for the Creation of Site-Selectively Modified Immunoconjugates

Published on: March 6, 2019

1-(o-Tol-yl)thio-urea.

Rodrigo S Corrêa, Leandro Ribeiro, Javier Ellena

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |January 5, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    This study details the crystal structure of an organic compound, revealing planar thio-urea and o-tolyl groups. Molecules form infinite chains through intermolecular hydrogen bonds in the solid state.

    More Related Videos

    Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors
    09:45

    Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors

    Published on: April 27, 2017

    Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives
    08:43

    Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

    Published on: January 19, 2016

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

    Synthesis and Bioconjugation of Thiol-Reactive Reagents for the Creation of Site-Selectively Modified Immunoconjugates
    08:47

    Synthesis and Bioconjugation of Thiol-Reactive Reagents for the Creation of Site-Selectively Modified Immunoconjugates

    Published on: March 6, 2019

    Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors
    09:45

    Modification and Functionalization of the Guanidine Group by Tailor-made Precursors

    Published on: April 27, 2017

    Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives
    08:43

    Protocol for the Synthesis of Ortho-trifluoromethoxylated Aniline Derivatives

    Published on: January 19, 2016

    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Organic Chemistry
    • Supramolecular Chemistry

    Background:

    • Understanding the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in organic molecules is crucial for predicting their properties.
    • Thio-urea derivatives are important in various chemical applications due to their unique bonding characteristics.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the crystal structure of the title compound, C(8)H(10)N(2)S.
    • To analyze the molecular geometry, conformation, and intermolecular interactions within the crystal lattice.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular structure.
    • Analysis of bond lengths, bond angles, and torsion angles provided insights into molecular geometry.
    • Identification and analysis of intermolecular interactions, such as hydrogen bonding, were performed.

    Main Results:

    • The o-tolyl group and the thio-urea core were found to be planar.
    • The mean planes of these two groups exhibited a near-perpendicular orientation (82.19°).
    • The thio-urea moiety exists in the thio-amide tautomeric form, indicating resonance stabilization.
    • Intermolecular N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds link molecules into infinite chains parallel to the (110) and (10) planes.

    Conclusions:

    • The crystal packing is dominated by intermolecular N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds, leading to the formation of extended chain structures.
    • The observed molecular conformation and hydrogen bonding patterns are key features of this compound's solid-state organization.