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Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Preparation of Stable Bicyclic Aziridinium Ions and Their Ring-Opening for the Synthesis of Azaheterocycles
Published on: August 22, 2018
(1-Acetyl-2,6-diphenyl-piperidin-4-yl-idene)(phen-yl)acetonitrile
Abstract:
In the title mol-ecule, C(27)H(24)N(2)O, the piperidine ring adopts a boat conformation. The acetyl group at position 1 has a bis-ectional orientation. The two phenyl rings attached to the piperidine ring at positions 2 and 6 have bis-ectional and axial orientations, respectively, and make a dihedral angle of 75.27 (10)°. The phenyl-acetonitrile group at position 4 has an equatorial orientation. Mol-ecules are linked by C-H⋯N, C-H⋯O inter-molecular and C-H⋯π inter-actions. A C-H⋯O intra-molecular inter-action is also found in the mol-ecule.
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Nomenclature of Alkynes
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.
Acidity of 1-Alkynes
The acidic strength of hydrocarbons follows the order: Alkynes > Alkenes > Alkanes. The strength of an acid is commonly expressed in units of pKa — the lower the pKa, the stronger the acid. Among the hydrocarbons, terminal alkynes have lower pKa values and are, therefore, more acidic. For example, the pKa values for ethane, ethene, and acetylene are 51, 44, and 25, respectively, as shown here.
IUPAC Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acids
For acyclic saturated monocarboxylic acids, the longest hydrocarbon chain containing the –COOH carbon is identified as the parent chain. Then, the last -e of the parent hydrocarbon name is replaced with a suffix -oic acid.
Preparation of Alkynes: Alkylation Reaction
Alkylation of terminal alkynes with primary alkyl halides in the presence of a strong base like sodium amide is one of the common methods for the synthesis of longer carbon-chain alkynes. For example, treatment of 1-propyne with sodium amide followed by reaction with ethyl bromide yields 2-pentyne.
IUPAC Nomenclature of Ketones