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Related Concept Videos

NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives01:37

NMR Spectroscopy of Benzene Derivatives

Simple unsubstituted benzene has six aromatic protons, all chemically equivalent. Therefore, benzene exhibits only a singlet peak at δ 7.3 ppm in the 1H NMR spectrum. The observed shift is far downfield because the aromatic ring current strongly deshields the protons. Any substitution on the benzene ring makes the aromatic protons nonequivalent, and the protons split each other. The peak is, therefore, no longer a singlet and the splitting pattern and their associated coupling constants depend...
Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds with a Single Substituent01:23

Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds with a Single Substituent

Benzene is the simplest aromatic hydrocarbon or arene. The IUPAC names for simple monosubstituted benzene derivatives are derived by adding the substituent's name as a prefix to the parent benzene. For example, halobenzene, where the halogen could be fluoro (F), chloro (Cl), bromo (Br), and iodo (I).
Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds with Multiple Substituents01:11

Nomenclature of Aromatic Compounds with Multiple Substituents

When more than one substituent is present on the benzene ring, the IUPAC nomenclature depends on the number of substituents present.
For disubstituted benzene derivatives, with two groups attached to the benzene ring, three constitutional isomers are possible. For example, consider dimethyl benzene, often called xylene, where the second methyl group can be substituted at the second, third, or fourth carbon. The relative position of the substituents is represented by prefixes ortho, meta, or...
Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles01:11

Nomenclature of Carboxylic Acid Derivatives: Amides and Nitriles

Naming Amides
The IUPAC and common names of amides are derived from the parent carboxylic acid, by replacing the suffix “oic acid” and “ic acid,” respectively, with “amide.” In the following example, the IUPAC name ethanamide is derived from ethanoic acid, and the common name, acetamide, is obtained from acetic acid.
Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Elimination–Addition01:11

Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution: Elimination–Addition

Simple aryl halides do not react with nucleophiles. However, nucleophilic aromatic substitutions can be forced under certain conditions, such as high temperatures or strong bases. The mechanism of substitution under such conditions involves the highly unstable and reactive benzyne intermediate. Benzyne contains equivalent carbon centers at both ends of the triple bond, each of which is equally susceptible to nucleophilic attack. This 50–50 distribution of products is confirmed through isotopic...
Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene01:20

Electrophilic Aromatic Substitution: Nitration of Benzene

The nitration of benzene is an example of an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. It involves the formation of a very powerful electrophile, the nitronium ion, which is linear in shape. The reaction occurs through the interaction of two strong acids, sulfuric and nitric acid.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Preparation and In Vivo Use of an Activity-based Probe for N-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase
11:01

Preparation and In Vivo Use of an Activity-based Probe for N-acylethanolamine Acid Amidase

Published on: November 23, 2016

N-Isopropyl-benzamide.

Erik M van Oosten, Alan J Lough, Neil Vasdev

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |January 5, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The crystal structure of C(10)H(13)NO reveals a 30° dihedral angle between its amide group and phenyl ring. Molecules form one-dimensional chains via intermolecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds in the solid state.

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    Preparation of Contiguous Bisaziridines for Regioselective Ring-Opening Reactions
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    Preparation of Contiguous Bisaziridines for Regioselective Ring-Opening Reactions

    Published on: July 28, 2022

    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Organic Chemistry
    • Solid-State Chemistry

    Background:

    • Understanding the three-dimensional arrangement of atoms in organic molecules is crucial for predicting their properties and reactivity.
    • Crystal structure analysis provides detailed insights into molecular conformation and intermolecular interactions.
    • Hydrogen bonding plays a significant role in determining the macroscopic properties of crystalline materials.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the crystal structure of the title compound, C(10)H(13)NO.
    • To determine the dihedral angle between the amide group and the phenyl ring.
    • To investigate the intermolecular interactions present in the crystal lattice.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the molecular and crystal structure.
    • The crystal structure was analyzed to identify hydrogen bonding networks and conformational parameters.
    • Geometric parameters, including bond lengths, bond angles, and dihedral angles, were precisely measured.

    Main Results:

    • The crystal structure of C(10)H(13)NO was successfully determined.
    • A dihedral angle of 30.0(3)° was observed between the amide group and the phenyl ring.
    • Intermolecular N-H⋯O hydrogen bonds were identified, linking molecules into one-dimensional chains along the a axis.

    Conclusions:

    • The conformational analysis reveals a specific spatial arrangement between the amide and phenyl moieties.
    • The observed hydrogen bonding pattern dictates the formation of 1D supramolecular chains.
    • These findings contribute to the understanding of structure-property relationships in organic crystalline solids.