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Related Concept Videos

Acidity of 1-Alkynes02:42

Acidity of 1-Alkynes


The acidic strength of hydrocarbons follows the order: Alkynes > Alkenes > Alkanes. The strength of an acid is commonly expressed in units of pKa — the lower the pKa, the stronger the acid. Among the hydrocarbons, terminal alkynes have lower pKa values and are, therefore, more acidic. For example, the pKa values for ethane, ethene, and acetylene are 51, 44, and 25, respectively, as shown here.
Cystic Fibrosis: Management01:24

Cystic Fibrosis: Management

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is an autosomal recessive disorder that predominantly affects individuals of Northern European descent, occurring at a rate of 1 in 3500. It is caused by a genetic mutation in a gene on chromosome 7, most commonly the ΔF508 mutation, that codes for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein. This results in thicker mucus secretions and obstruction pathologies in multiple organs, including the lungs and sinuses.
Sinus disease and chronic sinusitis...
Alkylation of β-Diester Enolates: Malonic Ester Synthesis01:14

Alkylation of β-Diester Enolates: Malonic Ester Synthesis

Malonic ester synthesis is a method to obtain α substituted carboxylic acids from ꞵ-diesters such as diethyl malonate and alkyl halides.
Alkylation of β-Ketoester Enolates: Acetoacetic Ester Synthesis01:07

Alkylation of β-Ketoester Enolates: Acetoacetic Ester Synthesis

Acetoacetic ester synthesis is a method to obtain ketones from alkyl halides and β-keto esters. The reaction occurs in the presence of an alkoxide base that abstracts the acidic proton of the β-keto esters. The step results in an enolate ion which is doubly stabilized. The enolate then reacts with an alkyl halide via the SN2 process to produce an alkylated ester intermediate with a new C–C bond. The hydrolysis of the intermediate, followed by acidification, results in an alkylated β-keto acid.
Ions as Acids and Bases02:54

Ions as Acids and Bases

Salts with Acidic Ions
Salts are ionic compounds composed of cations and anions, either of which may be capable of undergoing an acid or base ionization reaction with water. Aqueous salt solutions, therefore, may be acidic, basic, or neutral, depending on the relative acid-base strengths of the salt’s constituent ions. For example, dissolving the ammonium chloride in water results in its dissociation, as described by the equation:
Solubility of Ionic Compounds02:55

Solubility of Ionic Compounds

Solubility is the measure of the maximum amount of solute that can be dissolved in a given quantity of solvent at a given temperature and pressure. Solubility is usually measured in molarity (M) or moles per liter (mol/L). A compound is termed soluble if it dissolves in water.

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Cytenamide acetic acid solvate.

Andrea Johnston, Alastair J Florence, Francesca J A Fabianni

    Acta Crystallographica. Section E, Structure Reports Online
    |January 5, 2011
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    The crystal structure of a dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptatriene derivative reveals hydrogen-bonded dimers and a boat conformation of the cycloheptene ring. This study details the molecular arrangement and intermolecular interactions in the solid state.

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    Expression and Purification of the Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator Protein in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

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    Area of Science:

    • Crystallography
    • Organic Chemistry
    • Solid-State Chemistry

    Background:

    • Understanding the solid-state structure of organic molecules is crucial for predicting their physical and chemical properties.
    • Dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptatriene derivatives are a class of compounds with potential pharmaceutical applications.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To elucidate the crystal structure of 5H-dibenzo[a,d]cycloheptatriene-5-carboxamide ethanoic acid solvate.
    • To analyze the intermolecular interactions and conformational preferences within the crystal lattice.

    Main Methods:

    • Single-crystal X-ray diffraction was employed to determine the crystal structure.
    • Analysis of hydrogen bonding and molecular conformation was performed.

    Main Results:

    • The crystal structure features a hydrogen-bonded R(2)(2)(8) dimer motif formed by the organic molecule and ethanoic acid.
    • These dimers assemble into a centrosymmetric double ring arrangement.
    • The cycloheptene ring adopts a boat conformation.
    • The dihedral angle between the two aromatic rings is 54.7(2)°.

    Conclusions:

    • The study provides detailed insights into the supramolecular assembly of the title compound.
    • The observed conformation and hydrogen bonding patterns are key features of the crystal packing.