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Related Concept Videos

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures03:17

Inheritance of Chromatin Structures

Epigenetics is the study of inherited changes in a cell's phenotype without changing the DNA sequences. It provides a form of memory for the differential gene expression pattern to maintain cell lineage, position-effect variegation, dosage compensation, and maintenance of chromatin structures such as telomeres and centromeres. For example, the structure and location of the centromere on chromosomes are epigenetically inherited. Its functionality is not dictated or ensured by the underlying DNA...
Nucleosome Remodeling02:54

Nucleosome Remodeling

Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Histone Modification02:32

Histone Modification

The histone proteins have a flexible N-terminal tail extending out from the nucleosome. These histone tails are often subjected to post-translational modifications such as acetylation, methylation, phosphorylation, and ubiquitination. Particular combinations of these modifications form “histone codes” that influence the chromatin folding and tissue-specific gene expression.
Acetylation
The enzyme histone acetyltransferase adds acetyl group to the histones. Another enzyme, histone deacetylase,...
Duplication of Chromatin Structure02:05

Duplication of Chromatin Structure

The process of chromosome duplication during cell division requires genome-wide disruption and re-assembly of chromatin. The chromatin structure must be accurately inherited, reassembled, and maintained in the daughter cells to ensure lineage propagation.
The basic unit of the chromatin is the nucleosome, consisting of DNA wrapped around octameric histone proteins and short stretches of linker DNA separating individual nucleosomes. The histone proteins within the nucleosome have their...
The Nucleosome02:33

The Nucleosome

DNA in a human cell is almost 2m long and it is packed inside a tiny nucleus that is only a few microns in diameter. The level of compaction of DNA inside the nucleus is astonishing. It is organized into several sequentially higher levels of compaction to fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called histone core, that consist of 8 histone proteins. This complex...

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Updated: Jun 5, 2026

In Situ Nucleosome Assembly for Single-Molecule Correlative Force and Fluorescence Microscopy
05:58

In Situ Nucleosome Assembly for Single-Molecule Correlative Force and Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: September 6, 2024

Nucleosome assembly and epigenetic inheritance.

Mo Xu1, Bing Zhu

  • 1Graduate Program, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100730, China.

Protein & Cell
|January 5, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This review explores how replication-coupled nucleosome assembly influences the inheritance of epigenetic marks during cell division. Understanding this process is key to maintaining cell-type-specific gene expression profiles.

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Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

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Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA
10:40

Assembly of Nucleosomal Arrays from Recombinant Core Histones and Nucleosome Positioning DNA

Published on: September 10, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Epigenetics
  • Cell Biology

Background:

  • Chromatin, composed of DNA and histone proteins, forms nucleosomes, the fundamental units of eukaryotic DNA packaging.
  • Epigenetic marks on chromatin enable a single genome to generate diverse cell-specific epigenomes.
  • Maintaining epigenetic status across cell divisions is crucial for stable gene expression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the mechanisms of replication-coupled (RC) nucleosome assembly.
  • To investigate the role of RC nucleosome assembly in maintaining epigenetic information during DNA replication.
  • To understand how dividing cells preserve epigenetic marks despite chromatin duplication.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review focusing on DNA replication and chromatin assembly.
  • Analysis of studies on histone deposition during S phase.
  • Examination of epigenetic mark inheritance following nucleosome duplication.

Main Results:

  • Canonical histones are deposited onto DNA during S phase in a replication-coupled manner.
  • Nucleosome assembly during replication is essential for distributing parental chromatin marks.
  • RC nucleosome assembly processes are critical for overcoming epigenetic dilution.

Conclusions:

  • Replication-coupled nucleosome assembly plays a vital role in epigenetic memory.
  • Understanding RC nucleosome assembly is key to understanding cell differentiation and inheritance.
  • Further research into RC nucleosome assembly will illuminate fundamental aspects of epigenetics.