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Codon usage changes and sequence dissimilarity between human and rat.

D Mouchiroud1, C Gautier

  • 1Laboratoire de Biométrie, Génétique et Biologie des Populations (CNRS U.R.A. 243), Université Claude Bernard, Villeurbanne, France.

Journal of Molecular Evolution
|August 1, 1990
PubMed
Summary
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Human and rat genomes show codon usage changes, particularly in genes with extreme C&G frequencies. Modifications in DNA-level constraints can accelerate genome divergence, especially in light isochores.

Area of Science:

  • Genomics
  • Molecular Evolution
  • Comparative Genomics

Background:

  • Codon usage bias influences gene expression and protein evolution.
  • Previous studies indicated codon usage changes between human and rat lineages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between silent differences and codon usage changes in human and rat homologous genes.
  • To understand the factors driving gene evolution at the DNA level.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 102 pairs of homologous genes from human and rat.
  • Examination of C&G frequencies at codon positions.
  • Assessment of protein similarity and silent differences.

Main Results:

  • Confirmed codon usage change (minor shift) between human and rat, with less extreme C&G levels in rat's third codon position for certain genes.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Protein similarity and positive differences are key discriminators of homologous genes.
  • In genes with codon usage change and low protein similarity, amino acid replacements influence C&G levels in DNA positions.
  • No direct correlation between codon usage change and silent dissimilarity in heavy isochores; opposite in light isochores.

    • Conclusions:

    • Protein evolution can be driven by constraints acting at the DNA level.
    • Modification of DNA-level constraints can accelerate genome divergence, especially in light isochores.