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What do deaf high school students know about HIV?

Marjorie F Goldstein1, Elizabeth A Eckhardt, Patrice Joyner-Creamer

  • 1National Development Research Institute, Inc., New York, NY 10010, USA. goldstein@ndri.org

AIDS Education and Prevention : Official Publication of the International Society for AIDS Education
|January 6, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Deaf adolescents using American Sign Language (ASL) have limited HIV knowledge. School-based HIV education is crucial for this population to improve understanding and reduce risks.

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Comprehensive & Cost Effective Laboratory Monitoring of HIV/AIDS: an African Role Model
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Published on: October 31, 2010

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Adolescent Health
  • Sign Language Communication

Background:

  • Deaf adolescents using American Sign Language (ASL) are vulnerable to HIV, similar to hearing peers.
  • Traditional HIV information sources are inaccessible to ASL-dependent deaf adolescents.
  • Limited data exists on HIV knowledge and risk behaviors within this demographic.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and administer a comprehensive HIV knowledge and risk survey specifically for deaf adolescents.
  • To assess the current level of HIV knowledge among deaf adolescents using ASL.
  • To identify factors associated with HIV knowledge in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A survey was developed and administered using laptop computers in American Sign Language (ASL).
  • The study included 700 deaf adolescent participants from high schools across the United States.
  • A reliable knowledge scale (Cronbach's α = .83) with 14 items was used to assess HIV knowledge.

Main Results:

  • Participants answered approximately half of the 14 HIV knowledge items correctly (mean = 7.2, median = 7.0).
  • Multivariable analysis indicated a strong correlation between HIV knowledge scores and receiving information in school.
  • Significant gaps in HIV knowledge were identified among the surveyed deaf adolescents.

Conclusions:

  • Deaf adolescents demonstrate a need for improved HIV knowledge.
  • School-based HIV education is a critical factor in enhancing knowledge for deaf adolescents.
  • Linguistically and culturally appropriate HIV prevention education in schools is essential for this population.