Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility01:34

Woodward–Hoffmann Selection Rules and Microscopic Reversibility

Electrocyclic reactions, cycloadditions, and sigmatropic rearrangements are concerted pericyclic reactions that proceed via a cyclic transition state. These reactions are stereospecific and regioselective. The stereochemistry of the products depends on the symmetry characteristics of the interacting orbitals and the reaction conditions. Accordingly, pericyclic reactions are classified as either symmetry-allowed or symmetry-forbidden. Woodward and Hoffmann presented the selection criteria for...
[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of 1,5-Dienes: Cope Rearrangement01:21

[3,3] Sigmatropic Rearrangement of 1,5-Dienes: Cope Rearrangement

The Cope rearrangement is classified as a [3,3] sigmatropic shift in 1,5-dienes, leading to a more stable, isomeric 1,5-diene. The reaction involves a concerted movement of six electrons, four from two π bonds and two from a σ bond, via an energetically favorable chair-like transition state.
Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview01:26

Thermal and Photochemical Electrocyclic Reactions: Overview

Electrocyclic reactions are reversible reactions. They involve an intramolecular cyclization or ring-opening of a conjugated polyene. Shown below are two examples of electrocyclic reactions. In the first reaction, the formation of the cyclic product is favored. In contrast, in the second reaction, ring-opening is favored due to the high ring strain associated with cyclobutene formation.
Sequence Networks of Rotating Machines01:24

Sequence Networks of Rotating Machines

A Y-connected synchronous generator, grounded through a neutral impedance, is designed to produce balanced internal phase voltages with only positive-sequence components. The generator's sequence networks include a source voltage that is exclusively in the positive-sequence network. The sequence components of line-to-ground voltages at the generator terminals illustrate this configuration.
Zero-sequence current induces a voltage drop across the generator's neutral impedance and other...
Thermal Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry01:17

Thermal Electrocyclic Reactions: Stereochemistry

The stereochemistry of electrocyclic reactions is strongly influenced by the orbital symmetry of the polyene HOMO. Under thermal conditions, the reaction proceeds via the ground-state HOMO.
Selection Rules: Thermal Activation
Conjugated systems containing an even number of π-electron pairs undergo a conrotatory ring closure. For example, thermal electrocyclization of (2E,4E)-2,4-hexadiene, a conjugated diene containing two π-electron pairs, gives trans-3,4-dimethylcyclobutene.
Three-Winding Transformers01:19

Three-Winding Transformers

Three identical single-phase transformers can be configured to form a three-phase transformer connection, which involves high-voltage and low-voltage windings. The high-voltage windings are denoted by capital letters A-B-C, while the low-voltage windings are labeled with lowercase letters a-b-c, representing their respective phases. This notation helps distinguish between the high and low voltage sides of the transformer.
In the per-unit equivalent circuit of a grounded Y-Y three-phase...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mechanically Adaptive Polyrotaxane Interlayers for Low-Pressure High Energy Density Sulfide-Based All-Solid-State Batteries.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Porous Phenazine-bridged Tetraoxa[8]Circulenes for Selective Gold Recovery and Heterogeneous Catalysis.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Electrolyte diluent with large electrostatic potential difference for fast charging and slow discharging lithium metal batteries.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Dynamic Confinement Approach for High Metal Loading Single-Atom Catalysts Based on Covalent Organic Frameworks.

Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)·2026
Same author

Unveiling Physical and Chemical Changes in All-Solid-State Battery: An Operando Synchrotron Chemical Imaging Study.

Small methods·2025
Same author

Molecular Surface Engineering of Sulfide Electrolytes with Enhanced Humidity Tolerance for Robust Lithium Metal All-Solid-State Batteries.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2025
Same journal

Pressure-Related Challenges and Strategic Approaches in Lithium Metal Sulfide all-Solid-State Batteries.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Dual Regulatory Functions of Classical Zinc Finger Clusters from Myeloid Zinc Finger-1.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same journal

A Selectfluor-based Polonovski Rearrangement Leading to Novel Entities for Synthetic and Medicinal Applications.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Relay Approach: A Convergent Synthesis of Key Fragments en route to (+)-Neosorangicin A.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Working Under Pressure: Empirical Findings on the Challenges Facing PhD Students in Chemistry.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
Same journal

Charge Resonance Interaction in Aromatic Trimer Radical Cations Revealed by IR Spectroscopy: The Case of Pyrrole Homo- and Heterotrimers.

Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
06:24

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal

Published on: October 31, 2019

A multistate switchable [3]rotacatenane.

Gokhan Barin1, Ali Coskun, Douglas C Friedman

  • 1Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA.

Chemistry (Weinheim an Der Bergstrasse, Germany)
|January 6, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers synthesized a novel switchable [3]rotacatenane using template-directed methods. This molecular machine exhibits multistate switching via tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) radical dimer interactions, paving the way for advanced molecular electronics.

More Related Videos

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack
07:44

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack

Published on: August 15, 2018

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
09:22

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal
06:24

High-Contrast and Fast Photorheological Switching of a Twist-Bend Nematic Liquid Crystal

Published on: October 31, 2019

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack
07:44

Design and Synthesis of a Reconfigurable DNA Accordion Rack

Published on: August 15, 2018

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives
09:22

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Supramolecular Chemistry
  • Molecular Machines
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Rotacatenanes integrate rotary and translational molecular motion.
  • Switchable molecular systems are crucial for advanced electronic devices.
  • Tetrathiafulvalene (TTF) derivatives offer tunable redox properties.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a synthetic strategy for a new switchable [3]rotacatenane.
  • To investigate the switching mechanisms based on TTF radical π-dimer interactions.
  • To explore the potential of this molecule in molecular electronics.

Main Methods:

  • Template-directed synthesis utilizing donor-acceptor interactions.
  • X-ray crystallography, UV/Vis spectroscopy, and isothermal titration microcalorimetry for binding studies.
  • Cyclic voltammetry and EPR spectroscopy to demonstrate multistate switching.

Main Results:

  • Successful synthesis of a switchable [3]rotacatenane with improved precursor yield.
  • Elucidation of binding interactions between the [2]catenane and π-electron-rich templates.
  • Demonstration of multistate switching via mixed-valence and radical-cation dimer states of TTF.
  • Observation of a 1:1 equilibrium in a co-conformation involving 1,5-dioxynaphthalene (DNP) units and cyclophanes.

Conclusions:

  • Template-directed synthesis is a powerful tool for constructing complex molecular machines.
  • The developed [3]rotacatenane exhibits controllable multistate switching.
  • This research advances the development of molecular switches towards multistate systems for enhanced information storage.