Longitudinal maxillary growth in Down syndrome patients
Juan Alió1, José Lorenzo, M Carmen Iglesias
1Orthodontics Department, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain.
The Angle Orthodontist
|January 7, 2011
Summary
Maxillary growth in patients with Down syndrome (DS) is significantly slower in both sagittal and vertical planes, showing hypoplasia. This study quantifies the reduced maxillary development in individuals with DS.
Area of Science:
- Craniofacial development
- Genetics
- Pediatric dentistry
Background:
- Down syndrome (DS) is associated with characteristic craniofacial differences.
- Understanding maxillary growth patterns in DS is crucial for clinical management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate and quantify maxillary bone growth in individuals with Down syndrome.
- To compare maxillary growth between different age groups within the DS population and with a control group.
Main Methods:
- A sample of 47 patients with DS (ages 8-18) and 38 controls were analyzed.
- Computerized cephalometric analysis was performed on serial radiographs of the cranial base.
- Statistical analysis included two-way and one-way ANOVA with Duncan's multiple-range test.
Main Results:
- Maxillary sagittal growth in DS patients averaged 0.12 mm/year (at point A).
- Vertical growth averaged 0.62 mm/year (ANS) and 0.70 mm/year (PNS).
- A mean sagittal deficit of nearly 10 mm was observed in the DS group.
Conclusions:
- Patients with Down syndrome exhibit maxillary hypoplasia in both vertical and sagittal dimensions.
- The findings highlight significant deficits in maxillary development in individuals with DS.
