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Validation of a one item screen for problem gambling.

Matthew J Rockloff¹, John Ehrich, Markus Themessl-Huber

¹Institute for Health and Social Science Research, Central Queensland University, Bundaberg, QLD, 4670, Australia. m.rockloff@cqu.edu.au

Journal of Gambling Studies

|January 7, 2011

Summary

A single-item gambling screen may not accurately identify problem gamblers, showing a high rate of false negatives. This suggests individuals with severe gambling issues may not self-report their problems effectively.

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Area of Science:

Psychology
Public Health
Behavioral Science

Background:

A one-item gambling screen is useful in primary care when longer assessments are impractical.
Previous research indicated acceptable performance of the one-item screen against the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI).

Purpose of the Study:

To replicate previous findings on the efficacy of a one-item gambling screen in a new geographic area.
To assess the performance of a one-item screen compared to the PGSI in identifying problem gambling.

Main Methods:

A telephone survey of 1,292 respondents in Queensland was conducted.
The study compared responses to a one-item screen with the nine-item Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI).
Rasch analysis was employed to evaluate the internal construct validity of the PGSI and the one-item screen.

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Main Results:

The one-item screen demonstrated a high proportion of false negatives (79%).
Approximately 80% of individuals identified as problem gamblers by the PGSI did not report "issues with gambling" in the past 12 months.
While the PGSI showed good internal construct validity, the one-item screen was found to be ineffective in identifying individuals at risk for problem gambling.

Conclusions:

The current study's findings cast doubt on the effectiveness of the one-item screen in identifying problem gambling.
A significant number of individuals with severe gambling problems may not self-report their issues, potentially due to the timeframe qualifier or an inability to self-diagnose.
The one-item screen's utility may be limited, especially when specific timeframes are included in the question.