Aldehyde-functionalized benzenediazonium cation for multiprobe immobilization on microelectrode array surfaces.

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Surface Chemistry
• Biomaterials Science

Background:

• Developing efficient methods for biomolecule immobilization on electrode surfaces is crucial for biosensor development.
• Indium-tin-oxide (ITO) is a widely used transparent conductive material for biosensing applications.
• Existing immobilization techniques often face challenges in speed, selectivity, and stability.

Purpose of the Study:

• To report the in situ generation of aldehyde-functionalized benzenediazonium cation (ABD).
• To demonstrate ABD's utility as a linker molecule for fast and selective biomolecule immobilization on ITO surfaces.
• To establish a platform for multianalyte detection using ABD-modified microarrays.

Main Methods:

• Simultaneous diazotation and deprotection of an aniline derivative to generate ABD.
• Electrodeposition of ABD onto ITO electrode surfaces.
• Characterization using cyclic voltammetry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and protein immobilization studies.
• Successive electrodeposition of ABD and probe molecules for microarray fabrication.

Main Results:

• Successful in situ generation and electrodeposition of ABD on ITO surfaces.
• Demonstrated fast and selective immobilization of biomolecules.
• Achieved patterning of three different probe molecules on a single substrate.
• Enabled simultaneous detection of two target molecules on a microarray platform.

Conclusions:

• ABD serves as an effective linker for robust biomolecule immobilization on ITO electrodes.
• The developed method provides a versatile platform for fabricating biosensor microarrays.
• This approach facilitates efficient multianalyte detection with high selectivity and sensitivity.