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Related Concept Videos

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides02:26

Preparation and Reactions of Sulfides

Sulfides are the sulfur analog of ethers, just as thiols are the sulfur analog of alcohol. Like ethers, sulfides also consist of two hydrocarbon groups bonded to the central sulfur atom. Depending upon the type of groups present, sulfides can be symmetrical or asymmetrical. Symmetrical sulfides can be prepared via an SN2 reaction between 2 equivalents of an alkyl halide and one equivalent of sodium sulfide.
Chemical Signaling in the Endocrine System01:08

Chemical Signaling in the Endocrine System

A signaling cascade is a series of events that facilitates the transmission of information within or between cells, culminating in a targeted response in the recipient cell. As chemical messengers, hormones are pivotal in initiating and modulating these intricate signaling cascades based on their solubility.
Lipid-soluble hormones, such as steroid hormones, demonstrate an intracellular action. These hormones traverse cell membranes due to their lipid nature. Once inside the target cell, they...
Types of Signaling Molecules01:32

Types of Signaling Molecules

In multicellular organisms, many molecules transmit signals between cells to pass information. These signals vary in complexity and include small peptides, nucleotides, steroids, fatty acid derivatives, and dissolved gases such as nitric oxide. Some signaling molecules diffuse through the plasma membrane to act locally between neighboring cells or travel long distances. Others remain attached to the cell surface, transmitting information to other cells only when they make contact. In some...
Types of Signaling Molecules01:32

Types of Signaling Molecules

In multicellular organisms, many molecules transmit signals between cells to pass information. These signals vary in complexity and include small peptides, nucleotides, steroids, fatty acid derivatives, and dissolved gases such as nitric oxide. Some signaling molecules diffuse through the plasma membrane to act locally between neighboring cells or travel long distances. Others remain attached to the cell surface, transmitting information to other cells only when they make contact. In some...
What is Cell Signaling?02:03

What is Cell Signaling?

Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate to respond to the environment.
What is Cell Signaling?02:03

What is Cell Signaling?

Despite the protective membrane that separates a cell from the environment, cells need the ability to detect and respond to environmental changes. Additionally, cells often need to communicate with one another. Unicellular and multicellular organisms use a variety of cell signaling mechanisms to communicate to respond to the environment.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

A Sensitive Visual Method for the Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide Producing Bacteria
03:55

A Sensitive Visual Method for the Detection of Hydrogen Sulfide Producing Bacteria

Published on: June 27, 2022

Hydrogen sulfide and cell signaling.

Ling Li1, Peter Rose, Philip K Moore

  • 1Imperial College London, United Kingdom.

Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology
|January 8, 2011
PubMed
Summary

Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S), a gasotransmitter, plays key roles in regulating blood vessels, heart function, and inflammation. Research reveals its diverse molecular targets, including ion channels and kinases, impacting cellular energy and signaling pathways.

Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Physiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) is an endogenous gasotransmitter produced from cysteine by enzymes like cystathionine γ lyase (CSE).
  • H₂S is implicated in vascular tone, cardioprotection against ischemia/reperfusion injury, and inflammatory processes.
  • While known to inhibit cytochrome c oxidase and cellular energy production, H₂S has additional identified pharmacological targets.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the diverse molecular targets and signaling mechanisms of hydrogen sulfide (H₂S).
  • To understand the physiological relevance of H₂S in cardiovascular and inflammatory systems.
  • To explore the biochemical basis for H₂S's multifaceted cellular effects.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized H₂S donor compounds in pharmacological experiments.

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Measurement of H2S in Crude Oil and Crude Oil Headspace Using Multidimensional Gas Chromatography, Deans Switching and Sulfur-selective Detection
08:37

Measurement of H2S in Crude Oil and Crude Oil Headspace Using Multidimensional Gas Chromatography, Deans Switching and Sulfur-selective Detection

Published on: December 10, 2015

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Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

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Measurement of H2S in Crude Oil and Crude Oil Headspace Using Multidimensional Gas Chromatography, Deans Switching and Sulfur-selective Detection
08:37

Measurement of H2S in Crude Oil and Crude Oil Headspace Using Multidimensional Gas Chromatography, Deans Switching and Sulfur-selective Detection

Published on: December 10, 2015

  • Employed genetic approaches, including cystathionine γ lyase (CSE) knockout mice.
  • Investigated the effects of H₂S on ion channels (KATP, TRP, BKCa, T-type, M-type), transcription factors (NF-κB), and kinases (p38 MAPK, ERK, Akt).

    • Main Results:

    • H₂S modulates various ion channels, activating KATP and TRP channels while inhibiting BKCa, T-type, and M-type calcium channels.
    • H₂S influences NF-κB signaling and impacts the activity of key kinases such as p38 MAPK, ERK, and Akt.
    • Observed effects are potentially linked to H₂S's redox properties and its capacity for protein sulfhydration.

    Conclusions:

    • Hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) exhibits pleiotropic effects through interactions with diverse molecular targets.
    • These interactions underscore the significance of H₂S in regulating vascular function, cardiac protection, and inflammation.
    • The sulfhydration of proteins represents a key mechanism mediating H₂S's biological actions.