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[Experimental study and case control study of nosocomial infection caused by Pseudomonas aeruginosa]
Abstract:
144 strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Ps.a) were serotyped and phage-typed. Antibiotic sensitivity test and case control study of nosocomial infection caused by Ps.a were also done for these strains. Three epidemic strains were collected from the ICU in a neurosurgical ward. The etiology of a cross infection among tracheotomy patients was two epidemic strains isolated from the hands of a nurse and an attendant. Hospitalization days longer than 56 days, tracheotomy and indwelling catheterization were 3 risk factors for Ps.a infection shown by logistic analysis. The sensitivity rate of Ps.a to antibiotics was highest with ceftazidine, followed by amikacin and piperacillin. The most common resistant antibiogram was Gentamycin and tobramycin Resistance to gentamicin increased obviously.
Insights
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Ps.a) infections in neurosurgical ICUs are linked to prolonged hospitalization and devices. Ceftazidime, amikacin, and piperacillin showed the highest sensitivity, while gentamicin resistance increased.
Area of Science:
- Medical Microbiology
- Infectious Diseases
- Hospital Epidemiology
Background:
- Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Ps.a) is a significant cause of nosocomial infections, particularly in intensive care units (ICUs).
- Understanding the epidemiology and antibiotic resistance patterns of Ps.a is crucial for effective infection control in healthcare settings.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains from a neurosurgical ICU.
- To identify risk factors for Ps.a nosocomial infections.
- To determine antibiotic sensitivity patterns of circulating Ps.a strains.
Main Methods:
- Serotyping and phage typing of 144 Ps.a strains.
- Antibiotic sensitivity testing.
- Case-control study using logistic analysis to identify risk factors for nosocomial infection.
Main Results:
- Three epidemic Ps.a strains were identified in the neurosurgical ICU.
- Cross-infection among tracheotomy patients was linked to strains from healthcare workers.
- Risk factors for Ps.a infection included hospitalization >56 days, tracheotomy, and indwelling catheterization.
- Highest sensitivity rates were observed for ceftazidime, amikacin, and piperacillin.
- Gentamicin and tobramycin showed the highest resistance rates, with a notable increase in gentamicin resistance.
Conclusions:
- Specific epidemic strains of Ps.a circulated within the neurosurgical ICU.
- Healthcare worker contamination played a role in cross-infection.
- Prolonged hospitalization and invasive devices are significant risk factors for Ps.a infections.
- Ceftazidime, amikacin, and piperacillin are effective treatment options, while gentamicin resistance is a growing concern.