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Clinical Significance of Antibiotic Resistance

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Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) presents a critical public health threat, arising from its capacity to resist β-lactam antibiotics due to acquisition of the mecA gene within the staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec). This gene encodes penicillin-binding protein 2a (PBP2a), which impairs binding efficacy of methicillin and other β-lactams. MRSA has evolved into distinct clonal lineages impacting humans and animals alike, reinforcing its significance within the One...

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Antibiotic resistance in bacteria arises when microorganisms evolve the ability to withstand drugs designed to kill them or inhibit their growth, rendering once-effective treatments useless. This phenomenon, driven by genetic change and selection under antibiotic exposure, poses a profound threat to modern medicine. Mechanisms include drug-inactivating enzymes (e.g., β-lactamases), efflux pumps that eject antibiotics, mutations altering antibiotic targets, decreased drug uptake, and acquisition...

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Antibiotics have revolutionized modern medicine by saving countless lives from bacterial infections. However, their widespread use has inadvertently harmed the delicate balance of the human gut microbiota. The gut microbiota, a complex community of bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi, plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, immune responses, and maintaining intestinal health. Antibiotics, especially broad-spectrum types, disrupt this ecosystem by eradicating both harmful and beneficial...

Development of Antibiotic Resistance

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Antibiotic resistance is a major public health concern that arises when bacteria evolve mechanisms to withstand the effects of antibiotic treatments. This resistance can be intrinsic, acquired through genetic mutations, or transferred between bacteria via horizontal gene transfer. The development of antibiotic resistance poses significant challenges in treating bacterial infections and necessitates ongoing research to develop new therapeutic strategies.Intrinsic resistance occurs when bacterial...

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

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Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes

Published on: March 3, 2023

Antimicrobial resistance and small ruminant veterinary practice.

Lisa C Scott¹, Paula I Menzies¹

¹Population Medicine Department, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, 2541 Stewart Building (#45), Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.

The Veterinary Clinics of North America. Food Animal Practice

|January 11, 2011

Summary

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a growing concern in veterinary medicine, particularly in small ruminants. Prudent antimicrobial use (AMU) in sheep is crucial to combat rising resistance rates observed globally.

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Multiplex Therapeutic Drug Monitoring by Isotope-dilution HPLC-MS/MS of Antibiotics in Critical Illnesses

Published on: August 30, 2018

Area of Science:

Veterinary Medicine
Microbiology
Animal Health

Background:

Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an escalating global health challenge with significant implications for veterinary practice.
Limited surveillance data exists on AMR prevalence and risk factors specifically within small ruminant populations.
Existing evidence indicates the presence of AMR in small ruminants across multiple countries.

Purpose of the Study:

To highlight the emerging issue of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in small ruminant veterinary medicine.
To underscore the association between antimicrobial use (AMU) practices in sheep and the development of AMR.
To emphasize the critical need for prudent antimicrobial stewardship in sheep farming.

Main Methods:

Review of existing literature on AMR in small ruminants.
Analysis of available surveillance data on antimicrobial resistance patterns.
Correlation of antimicrobial usage practices with resistance trends in sheep populations.

Main Results:

Evidence of antimicrobial resistance is documented in small ruminants internationally.
Antimicrobial use practices in sheep are demonstrably linked to increased resistance.
Data gaps in surveillance and risk factor identification for AMR in small ruminants were identified.

Conclusions:

Antimicrobial resistance poses a significant and growing threat in small ruminant medicine.
Responsible antimicrobial use is imperative to mitigate AMR development in sheep.
Further research and surveillance are essential to effectively manage AMR in small ruminants.