Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis l: Introduction

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma, most often due to infections or autoimmune processes. It presents with neuropsychiatric features such as fever, altered mental status, behavioral changes, cognitive dysfunction, seizures, focal deficits, and sometimes autonomic instability. In some cases, the meninges are also involved, resulting in meningoencephalitis.Infectious CausesInfectious encephalitis is most commonly viral but can also result from bacterial, fungal, or parasitic...

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever

Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary bacterium. This pathogen is an obligate intracellular parasite, requiring a host cell for replication. Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick. In the United States, the most important vectors are Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) and Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick), though other tick species may also serve as vectors.

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis ll: Pathophysiology

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain parenchyma caused by direct viral invasion or immune-mediated mechanisms triggered by infections or tumors. Both processes lead to neuronal injury, disrupted neurotransmission, and diverse neurological symptoms, often with overlapping clinical and pathological features.Autoimmune EncephalitisIn autoimmune encephalitis, antibodies target neuronal antigens on cell surfaces, synapses, or within neurons. A key example is anti-NMDAR encephalitis, which can...

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral Encephalitis

Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...

Viral Meningitis

Viral Meningitis

Viral meningitis is the most common form of meningitis and is often referred to as aseptic meningitis to indicate the absence of bacterial involvement. It is generally milder than bacterial meningitis, with symptoms including fever, headache, stiff neck, drowsiness, nausea, photophobia, and vomiting. Rarely, more severe manifestations or death may occur. Common causative agents include enteroviruses, particularly coxsackie A and B viruses and echoviruses, all members of the Enterovirus genus...

Rabies

Rabies

Rabies is a lethal zoonotic disease caused by a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus of the Lyssavirus genus, within the family Rhabdoviridae. Its primary mode of transmission to humans is through bites or saliva-contaminated scratches from infected mammals such as dogs, bats, raccoons, or foxes. Transmission can also occur if infectious saliva contacts abraded skin or intact mucous membranes, including the conjunctiva.Viral Entry and Early ReplicationOnce introduced at the bite or scratch...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Spatiotemporal neural dynamics of Chinese word form processing: An SEEG study.

Cognitive neuropsychology·2026

Same author

Lateralized excitation-inhibition rebalance correlates with motor recovery following hemispheric surgery.

Brain communications·2026

Same author

Comprehensive metabolic characterization of pediatric ependymomas.

Life metabolism·2026

Same author

Glymphatic dysfunction couples with cortical excitation-inhibition imbalance in epilepsy: Evidence from Rasmussen encephalitis.

Epilepsia·2026

Same author

Microglial PRMT2IP alleviates ischemia-induced brain injury.

Brain, behavior, and immunity·2026

Same author

Clinical characteristics and surgical outcomes of Rasmussen encephalitis: A retrospective dual-center cohort study.

Epilepsia·2026

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: July 4, 2007

Bilateral Rasmussen encephalitis.

Yuguang Guan¹, Guoming Luan, Jian Zhou

¹Department of Neurosurgery, Fu Xing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B

|January 11, 2011

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Rasmussen encephalitis (RE) can affect both brain hemispheres, presenting as severe seizures and neurological decline. This case highlights bilateral RE, challenging typical unilateral presentations and treatment outcomes.

More Related Videos

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: September 9, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jun 5, 2026

Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Induction and Clinical Scoring of Chronic-Relapsing Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: July 4, 2007

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Induction and Diverse Assessment Indicators of Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis

Published on: September 9, 2022

Area of Science:

Neurology
Neuroimmunology
Pediatric Neurology

Background:

Rasmussen encephalitis (RE) is a rare, chronic inflammatory neurological disorder.
Typically, RE affects one brain hemisphere, causing seizures and progressive dysfunction.

Observation:

This case details a 2-year-old with Rasmussen encephalitis (RE) exhibiting bilateral brain involvement.
The patient experienced focal motor seizures, tonic convulsions, and generalized seizures despite antiepileptic drugs.

Findings:

Brain biopsy revealed neuronal loss, lymphocytic infiltration, and microglial nodules.
Surgical interventions (hemispherectomies) and high-dose prednisone did not halt disease progression.
Contralateral seizures post-surgery suggested bilateral RE.

Implications:

This case expands the understanding of Rasmussen encephalitis (RE) presentation beyond unilateral involvement.
It underscores the challenges in managing bilateral RE and suggests potential for contralateral spread.
Further research into bilateral RE pathogenesis and treatment is warranted.