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Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides01:15

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Every plant cell has a cell wall that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives the cell shape. Cellulose, the main structural component of the plant cell wall, makes up over 30% of plant matter. It is the most abundant organic compound on earth.  Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide composed of linear chains of glucose molecules linked by β (1→4) glycosidic bonds.
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Analysis of Interactions between Endobiotics and Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Bath Fermentation Systems
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Published on: August 23, 2019

Cellodextrin utilization by bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.

Karina Pokusaeva1, Mary O'Connell-Motherway, Aldert Zomer

  • 1Room 4.05, Department of Microbiology, University College Cork, Western Road, Cork, Ireland.

Applied and Environmental Microbiology
|January 11, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 utilizes cellodextrins via the cldEFGC gene cluster, regulated by CldR. This study identifies a novel bifidobacterial beta-glucosidase essential for cellodextrin metabolism in the human gut microbiota.

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Published on: April 22, 2016

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Gut Microbiome Research
  • Carbohydrate Metabolism

Background:

  • Cellodextrins are derived from insoluble cellulose and serve as a nutrient source for specific gut bacteria.
  • Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 is a key commensal bacterium in the human gut microbiota.
  • Understanding microbial utilization of plant-derived carbohydrates is crucial for gut health.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the genetic basis and regulatory mechanisms of cellodextrin metabolism in Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.
  • To identify the specific enzymes involved in breaking down cellodextrins.
  • To characterize the role of the cldEFGC gene cluster in cellodextrin utilization.

Main Methods:

  • Genetic analysis of a cldE insertion mutant in B. breve UCC2003.
  • Identification and characterization of a LacI-type regulator (cldR).
  • Gel mobility shift assays to study CldR-DNA interactions.
  • High-performance anion-exchange chromatography with pulsed amperometric detection (HPAEC-PAD) to analyze carbohydrate utilization.

Main Results:

  • The cldEFGC gene cluster is essential for cellodextrin utilization in B. breve UCC2003.
  • Transcription of the cld cluster is negatively regulated by CldR, which binds to the promoter region.
  • B. breve UCC2003 can metabolize various cellodextrins, with cellotriose being a preferred substrate.
  • The cldC gene encodes the first described bifidobacterial β-glucosidase with activity on diverse cellodextrins.

Conclusions:

  • The cldEFGC gene cluster and its regulator CldR are critical for Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003 to utilize cellodextrins.
  • This research provides novel insights into the breakdown of plant-derived polysaccharides by gut bacteria.
  • The identified β-glucosidase offers potential for biotechnological applications in carbohydrate processing.