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Related Concept Videos

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions01:29

Hypersensitivity Reactions: Delayed Hypersensitivity Reactions

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Delayed-Type Hypersensitivity (DTH), or Type IV hypersensitivity, is a cell-mediated immune response. It occurs when T cells, rather than antibodies, mediate a reaction to specific antigens. It is characterized by a delayed onset (1-2 days) and involves the recruitment of macrophages to the inflammation site.The initiation of a DTH response begins with the sensitization of T cells. During this phase, which lasts at least 1-2 weeks, antigen-specific T cells are activated, clonally expanded, and...
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Type II hypersensitivity involves IgG and IgM antibodies targeting cell surface antigens, leading to cell destruction. This can occur through complement activation, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity (ADCC), or acting as opsonins for phagocytosis. When excessive, these reactions cause significant tissue damage.Drug-induced hemolytic anemia is a common example, where drugs like penicillin or cephalosporins bind to red blood cells, forming drug-protein complexes. These complexes...
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Hypersensitivities01:30

Hypersensitivities

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Hypersensitivity, also known as a hypersensitivity reaction or allergic reaction, is a condition where the body's immune system reacts abnormally to a foreign substance. Such substances, that cause hypersensitivity are referred to as an allergen, could be something typically harmless to most people, like pollen or certain foods.
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Dentin hypersensitivity: Recent trends in management.

Sanjay Miglani1, Vivek Aggarwal, Bhoomika Ahuja

  • 1Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi - 110 025, India.

Journal of Conservative Dentistry : JCD
|January 11, 2011
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Dentinal hypersensitivity (DH) is a common condition affecting exposed dentin. Effective management involves accurate diagnosis, identifying causes, and employing treatments like desensitizing agents or newer options such as bioglass.

Keywords:
Casein phosphopeptide - amorphous calcium phosphatedentinal hypersensitivitydesensitizing agentsfluorides

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Oral Biology

Background:

  • Dentinal hypersensitivity (DH) is a prevalent clinical issue linked to exposed dentinal surfaces.
  • It affects individuals across all age groups, frequently impacting canines and premolars.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the pathophysiology, mechanisms, and clinical management of dentinal hypersensitivity.
  • To emphasize the importance of accurate diagnosis and etiological factor identification in DH treatment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on dentinal hypersensitivity.
  • Discussion of diagnostic and differential diagnostic approaches.
  • Overview of various treatment modalities, including at-home and professional applications.

Main Results:

  • Accurate diagnosis and exclusion of other causes are crucial first steps in managing DH.
  • Identifying and treating etiological factors can prevent DH occurrence or recurrence.
  • Treatment options range from conventional desensitizing agents to advanced materials like bioglass and lasers.

Conclusions:

  • Comprehensive management of DH requires a thorough diagnostic process and addressing causative factors.
  • A variety of treatment modalities exist, offering solutions for patients experiencing dentinal hypersensitivity.
  • Emerging treatments show promise for more effective DH management.